Research Article

Ethnopharmacological Survey on Medicinal Plants Used by Traditional Healers in Central and Kara Regions of Togo for Antitumor and Chronic Wound Healing Effects

Table 1

Medicinal plants used for the management of tumors and chronic wounds in Central and Kara regions of Togo.

Plant speciesFamiliesLocal nameVoucher numberParts usedMode of preparation/administrationType of tumors and chronic woundsFLFC (%)UV

Abrus precatorius L.FabaceaeAdodobia fadi/TTogo15540LePow/OrlLung1.751.180.02
Acanthospermum hispidum DC.AsteraceaeLan gbanisoè/KTogo15528LeDec/OrlBone, skin5.263.530.05
Adansonia digitata L.BombacaceaeTélou/KTogo15526Stb, FrDec, Pow/Top, Sau/OrlChronic wound, breast7.024.710.07
Afraegle paniculata (Schum.) Engl.RutaceaeNgoné/KTogo15541SedPow/OrlBreast1.751.180.02
Aframomum melegueta K. Schum.ZingiberaceaeColombo/KTogo15492FrPow, Dec/Orl/Bba/TopThroat, bone, breast, skin, chronic wound14.039.410.14
Afzelia africana Sm. ex Pers.CaesalpiniaceaeWéré/KTogo15520Stb, RtPow/TopChronic wound, skin, bone5.263.530.05
Allium sativum L.AlliaceaeAiyo/ETogo15542FrDec/OrlLung1.751.180.02
Amaranthus hybridus L.AmaranthaceaeKaratoutouTogo15532Rt, LePow, Top/OrlBreast, cervix3.512.350.03
Annona muricata L.AnnonaceaeAgnigli/ETogo15173LeDec/OrlBreast, bone, lung7.014.710.07
Annona senegalensis Pers.AnnonaceaeTchoutchourèTogo15533Rt, LePow/TopBone, chronic wound3.512.350.03
Azadirachta indica A. Juss.MeliaceaeKini/KTogo15543StbDec/OrlChronic wound1.751.180.02
Blighia sapida K. D. KoenigSapindaceaeKpizouTogo15525Le, FrDec/Top; Sau, Pow/OrlChronic wound, lung, skin, breast, brain10.537.060.10
Bridelia ferruginea Benth.EuphorbiaceaeKolou/TTogo15504RtPow/TopChronic wound1.751.180.02
Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc.ArecaceaeFoda kokolo/KRt/FrDec/OrlBreast1.751.180.02
Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw.CaesalpiniaceaeWayi/KTogo15506LeDec/OrlProstate1.751.180.02
Calotropis procera (Aiton) R. Br.AsclepiadaceaeKpakpadjoé/KTogo15534Rt, LeDec/Orl, topBreast, chronic wound3.512.350.03
Carica papaya L.CaricaceaeSomboré/KTogo15544RtPow/OrlLung1.751.180.02
Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.RutaceaeGnami/KTogo15497FrMac/OrlLung, breast5.263.530.05
Cochlospermum planchonii Hook. F.CochlospermaceaeTèkalichoua/KTogo15501RtPow/OrlBreast1.751.180.02
Cola nitida (Vent.) Schott & Endl.SterculiaceaeCoroo/TTogo15551HulPow/TopBreast1.751.180.02
Colocasia esculenta (L.) SchottAraceaePankani/KTogo15546LePow/OrlBreast1.751.180.02
Combretum collinum Fresen.CombretaceaeFokizao/TTogo15507RtSau/OrlLung1.751.180.02
Curcuma longa L.ZingiberaceaeWissikoyèTogo15496RtPow/OrlBreast1.751.180.02
Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Hutch. & DalzielCaesalpiniaceaeTchèlè/TTogo15547LeSau/OrlLung1.751.180.02
Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight and Arn.MimosaceaeSozossi/TTogo15548RtSau/OrlBreast1.751.180.02
Elaeis guineensis f. androgyna A. Chev.ArecaceaePawou/KRtDec/Orl/BbaChronic wound1.751.180.02
Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.PoaceaeAdandala/TTogo15502RtPow/TopBreast1.751.180.02
Erythrina senegalensis A. DC.FabaceaeGbengben tchikoloka/TTogo15549RtPow/TopThroat wound1.751.180.02
Fadogia agrestis Schweinf. ex HiernRubiaceaeDjangadjanga/TTogo15550RtDec/OrlLiver1.751.180.02
Gardenia ternifolia Schumach. & Thonn.RubiaceaeKao/KTogo15505RtDec/OrlBreast1.751.180.02
Gymnosporia senegalensis (Lam.) Loes.CelastraceaeTchakatchaka/KTogo15535LeDec, Orl/TopChronic wound1.752.350.03
Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A. Juss.MeliaceaeHemou/K, Frimou/TTogo15523Stb, LeDec, Pow, Mac, Orl/Bba/NasChronic wound, skin, brain, bone1.758.240.12
Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth.BignoniaceaeAbiliou/T; Lémiré/KTogo15529Le/StbMac/BbaBreast5.263.530.05
Lannea acida A. Rich.AnacardiaceaeKèlo/TTogo15552RtPow/TopChronic wound1.751.180.02
Mangifera indica L.AnacardiaceaeMango/KTogo15493Le, stbDec/OrlChronic wound, breast5.263.530.05
Momordica charantia L.CucurbitaceaeKatchalaTogo15503LePow/OrlBrain1.751.180.02
Morinda citrifolia L.RubiaceaeNoniTogo15500FePow/OrlBreast1.751.180.02
Moringa oleifera Lam.MoringaceaeKpadadrè/KTogo15536Le/SePow/OrlBreast3.512.350.03
Musa acuminata CollaMusaceaeAkori/KPulPow/TopSkin, chronic wound3.512.350.03
Nicotiana tabacum L.SolanaceaeTaba/KTogo15554LeDec/OrlChronic wound1.751.180.02
Ocimum basilicum L.LamiaceaeKonzonzonga/KTogo15555LePow/TopSkin1.751.180.02
Ocimum gratissimum L.LamiaceaeAzèou/K; Estro/ETogo15530LeDec, Mac/Orl; Pow/NasLung, brain, breast5.263.530.05
Opilia amentacea Roxb.OpiliaceaeKalibinou/KTogo15517RtDec/OrlLung1.751.180.02
Ornithogalum caudatum AitonHyacinthaceaeAléwa gabou/KBuDec/BbaBreast1.751.180.02
Panax gingengAraliaceaeGinsengTogo15521RtDec/OrlLung1.751.180.02
Parinari curatellifolia Planch. ex Benth.ChrysobalanaceaeMilioumiliou/TTogo15527Le, Rt, RtbSau, Dec, Pow/OrlLung, chronic wound, breast7.024.710.07
Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br. ex G. DonMimosaceaeSoulou/KTogo15524Rt, stbDec/Orl/BbaChronic wound, breast12.288.240.12
Paullinia pinnata L.SapindaceaeAdji kpizou/KTogo15498Le, rtDec, Pow, Orl/TopChronic wound3.512.350.03
Pericopsis laxiflora (Benth.) MeeuwenFabaceaeKodolia/TTogo15519Le, RtDec/Orl/BbaBone, chronic wound3.512.350.03
Phyllanthus muellerianus (Kuntze) Exell.EuphorbiaceaeNbiré Nbiré/TTogo15556RtDec/OrlBone1.751.180.02
Physalis angulata L.SolanaceaeRibomboni/TTogo15557StbPow/OrlChronic wound1.751.180.02
Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-RedhCaesalpiniaceaeEclo/E, Babakou/KTogo15494Le, rtPow/Top, Sau/OrlSkin, lung, chronic wound, prostate, breast12.288.240.12
Piper guineense Schumach. & Thonn.PiperaceaeAtigali/KTogo15558FrDec/OrlChronic wound1.751.180.02
Plumeria alba L.ApocynaceaeVentupanierTogo15560Le, StbDec/TopChronic wound1.751.180.02
Pseudocedrela kotschyi (Schweinf.) HarmsMeliaceaeDoutotoré/TTogo15518Rt, LeMac, Dec/Orl, BbaBreast, bone3.512.350.03
Pteleopsis suberosa Engl. & DielsCombretaceaeSisinon/TTogo15559LePow/OrlChronic wound1.751.180.02
Sarcocephalus latifolius (Sm.) E. A. BruceRubiaceaeKitchatchalou/TTogo15553Rt, StbPow, Orl/TopLung, chronic wound1.751.180.02
Securidaca longipedonculata Fres.PolygalaceaeFozi/TTogo15531RtMac, pow, Bba/Top/NasBreast, bone, brain1.753.530.05
Senna siamea (Lam.) H. S. Irwin & BarnebyFabaceaeZanguerati/ETogo15545LeDec, OrlLung1.751.180.02
Sesamum indicum L.PedaliaceaeGoussi/ETogo15495FrSau/OrlBreast1.751.180.02
Sporobolus pyramidalis P. Beauv.PoaceaeFaux gazonTogo15537Rt, FePow/TopBreast, chronic wound3.512.350.03
Tamarindus indica L.CaesalpiniaceaeNidié/KTogo15562FrPow/TopBreast1.751.180.02
Tapinanthus oleifolius (J. C. Wendl.) DanserLoranthaceaeGui rougeTogo15563StPow/TopBreast1.751.180.02
Theobroma cacao L.SterculiaceaeCocoo/KTogo15564LeDec/TopChronic wound1.751.180.02
Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn.SapotaceaeWoussa/TTogo15522Stb, RtDec, Sauc/OrlBreast, chronic wound, brain10.537.060.10
Waltheria indica L.SterculiaceaeFafouloumou/TTogo15499RtDec/OrlLung1.751.180.02
Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich.AnnonaceaeSoussi/KTogo15492FrDec, Sauc/Orl; BbaBone, chronic wound, liver, breast21.0515.290.19
Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides L.RubiaceaeKalao/KTogo15561RtbPow, sau, orl/TopBreast1.751.180.02
Zea mays L.PoaceaeSamiriè/KTogo15538StPow/OrlLung, chronic wound3.512.350.03
Zingiber officinale RoscoeZingiberaceaeWissikoè/KTogo15539RzPow/OrlBreast3.512.350.03

Local names: E = Ewé; K = Kabyè; T = Tem. Used parts: Stb = stem barks, Le = leaves, Rtb = root barks, Fr = fruit, Rt = roots, Rz = rhizomes, Bu = bulbs, and Se = seeds. Mode of preparation and administration routes: Dec/Orl = decoction and oral route, Mac/Orl = maceration and oral route, Dec, Mac/Orl = decoction or maceration and oral route, Mac/Bba = maceration and body bath, Sau/Orl = sauce and oral route, Pow/Orl = Powder and oral route, Dec, Sauc/Orl = Decoction or sauce and oral route, Pow/Top = Powder and Topical route, and Pow/Nas = Powder and nasal route.