Oral and Topical Centella asiatica in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Dry Skin: A Three-Arm Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial
Table 1
Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics based on the intervention group (N = 159).
Variable
CAo + CAt (n = 53)
Plo + CAt (n = 53)
Plo + Plt (n = 53)
value+
Age (years)
0.04
Median (min–max)
52 (34–58)
54 (26–59)
53 (34–59)
Gender, n (%)
0.97
Male
13 (24.5)
14 (26.4)
12 (22.6)
Female
40 (75.5)
39 (73.6)
41 (77.4)
Dry skin treatment history, n (%)
19 (35.8)
13 (24.5)
13 (24.5)
0.33
Pruritus VAS, n (%)
0.67
Not pruritus
39 (73.6)
43 (81.1)
39 (73.6)
Low pruritus
14 (26.4)
9 (17)
14 (26.4)
Moderate pruritus
0 (0)
1 (1.9)
0 (0)
Dry skin duration, months
0.38
Median (min–max)
12 (0–360)
12 (0–420)
12 (0–480)
BMI median (min–max) (kg/m2)
25.8 (18.8–38.2)
26.6 (19–39.8)
26.3 (20.4–35.3)
0.82
Hypertension, n (%)
30 (56.6)
33 (62.3)
33 (62.3)
0.79
Atopy history, n (%)
43 (81.1)
42 (79.2)
36 (67.9)
0.23
DM medication types, n (%)
1 type OHA
23 (43.4)
25 (47.2)
23 (43.4)
0.90
2 types OHA
25 (47.2)
22 (41.5)
26 (49.1)
0.72
3 types OHA
3 (5.7)
3 (5.7)
3 (5.7)
1
Insulin
14 (26.4)
16 (30.2)
9 (17)
0.27
HbA1c (%)
0.33
Median (min–max)
7.7 (5.2–13.3)
8.95 (5.5–14.9)
7.4 (5–13.8)
Triglyceride (mg/dL)
0.14
Median (min–max)
144 (62–616)
183 (64–1435)
173.5 (69–708)
RBG (mg/dL)
D 1
0.18
Median (min–max)
172 (69–444)
200 (66–473)
159 (77–524)
SGOT (U/L)
D 1
0.62
Median (min–max)
18 (9–48)
16 (8–48)
17 (10–68)
SGPT (U/L)
D 1
1.00
Median (min–max)
21 (7–70)
20 (6–57)
21 (6–88)
Pearson chi-square. Kruskal–Wallis test was performed to assess the difference. BMI = body mass index, OHA = oral antihyperglycemic agent, RBG = random blood glucose, SGOT = serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and SGPT = serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase.
