| | Total (n = 100) | Back pain (n = 82) | Other sites of pain (n = 18) |
| Diagnostic imaging | Radiology | No. of patients, n (%) | 60 (60.0) | 46 (56.1) | 14 (77.8) | No. of treatments, mean (SD) | 2.4 (2.8) | 2.3 (2.9) | 2.4 (2.4) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 28.0 (32.7) | 28.1 (35.3) | 27.6 (23.8) | Computed tomography | No. of patients, n (%) | 36 (36.0) | 29 (35.4) | 7 (38.9) | No. of treatments, mean (SD) | 1.1 (0.7) | 1.1 (0.7) | 1.1 (0.4) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 153.8 (112.4) | 151.4 (114.7) | 162.9 (111.8) | Magnetic resonance imaging | No. of patients, n (%) | 89 (89.0) | 73 (89.0) | 16 (88.9) | No. of treatments, mean (SD) | 1.3 (0.7) | 1.3 (0.7) | 1.3 (0.7) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 547.9 (317.9) | 542.1 (305.0) | 573.8 (380.8) | Ultrasound imaging | No. of patients, n (%) | 4 (4.0) | 1 (1.2) | 3 (16.7) | No. of treatments, mean (SD) | 1.0 (0.0) | 1.0 (-) | 1.0 (0.0) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 55.0 (30.0) | 90.0 (-) | 43.3 (23.1) |
| Conventional interventions | Medications | No. of patients, n (%) | 34 (34.0) | 23 (28.0) | 11 (61.1) | Treatment duration (day), mean (SD) | 114.9 (309.4) | 65.6 (95.3) | 217.9 (527.8) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 293.3 (491.1) | 267.9 (443.0) | 343.9 (596.0) | Physical therapies | No. of patients, n (%) | 43 (43.0) | 33 (40.2) | 10 (55.6) | No. of treatments, mean (SD) | 63.2 (248.4) | 71.2 (282.6) | 36.9 (68.8) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 662.1 (2,469.5) | 809.3 (2,820.2) | 191.3 (250.6) | Manual therapies | No. of patients, n (%) | 14 (14.0) | 10 (12.2) | 4 (22.2) | No. of treatments, mean (SD) | 72.3 (221.9) | 82.8 (251.2) | 37.6 (60.3) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 1,075.0 (1,009.9) | 1,166.0 (1,093.7) | 847.5 (857.0) | Injections covered under insurance | No. of patients, n (%) | 28 (28.0) | 21 (25.6) | 7 (38.9) | No. of treatments, mean (SD) | 4.8 (6.8) | 5.1 (7.7) | 4.1 (2.9) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 212.5 (222.5) | 215.7 (170.8) | 202.9 (354.2) | Minimally invasive surgical treatments | No. of patients, n (%) | 11 (11.0) | 9 (11.0) | 2 (11.1) | No. of treatments, mean (SD) | 1.36 (0.9) | 1.44 (1.0) | 1.0 (0.0) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 3,104.6 (2,090.7) | 3,500.0 (2107.1) | 1,325.0 (671.8) |
| Korean medicine interventions | Acupuncture | No. of patients, n (%) | 48 (48.0) | 39 (47.6) | 9 (50.0) | No. of treatments, mean (SD) | 51.3 (81.1) | 56.8 (88.1) | 27.7 (31.9) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 445.6 (1,339.2) | 510.6 (1,478.8) | 164.1 (197.1) | Pharmacopuncture | No. of patients, n (%) | 17 (17.0) | 13 (15.9) | 4 (22.2) | No. of treatments, mean (SD) | 36.2 (61.6) | 43.2 (69.0) | 13.3 (17.9) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 930.0 (1,722.5) | 1,113.8 (1,927.8) | 332.5 (578.4) | Herbal decoctions | No. of patients, n (%) | 14 (14.0) | 12 (14.6) | 2 (11.1) | Treatment duration (day), mean (SD) | 98.9 (106.7) | 110.8 (111.2) | 27.5 (17.7) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 3,229.4 (4,248.0) | 3676.0 (4,448.9) | 550.0 (353.6) | Cupping | No. of patients, n (%) | 35 (35.0) | 27 (32.9) | 8 (44.4) | No. of treatments, mean (SD) | 54.2 (75.7) | 62.4 (82.8) | 26.8 (34.9) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 464.1 (1,543.6) | 566.3 (1,749.8) | 119.2 (158.0) | Moxibustion | No. of patients, n (%) | 8 (8.0) | 7 (8.5) | 1 (5.6) | No. of treatments, mean (SD) | 40.5 (45.5) | 43.4 (48.3) | 20.0 (-) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 226.7 (518.5) | 256.2 (552.7) | 20.0 (-) |
| Chuna manual therapies | No. of patients, n (%) | 11 (11.0) | 10 (12.2) | 1 (5.6) | No. of treatments, mean (SD) | 44.5 (71.8) | 44.9 (75.7) | 40.0 (-) | Treatment cost (Korean Won/1,000), mean (SD) | 1,303.6 (2,301.6) | 1,314.0 (2,425.8) | 1,200.0 (-) |
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