Effects of Acupuncture on Explosive Force Production by the Healthy Female Shoulder Joint

Table 1

Mean (SD) shoulder joint Add/Abd before and after acupuncture.

Add/Abd	Pre 180	Post 180
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Average max torque, Add (Nm/kg)	0.42 ± 0.12	0.61 ± 0.13	<0.001
Average max torque, Abd (Nm/kg)	0.34 ± 0.13	0.33 ± 0.25	0.76
Average work, Add (J/kg)	0.50 ± 0.19	0.70 ± 0.15	<0.001
Average work, Abd (J/kg)	0.44 ± 0.17	0.55 ± 0.15	0.001
Average power, Add (W/kg)	0.34 ± 0.15	0.59 ± 0.13	<0.001
Average power, Abd (W/kg)	0.28 ± 0.10	0.41 ± 0.11	0.001
Average max speed, Add (deg/s ∗ kg)	1.98 ± 0.52	2.68 ± 0.35	<0.001
Average max speed, Abd (deg/s ∗ kg)	1.73 ± 0.38	2.15 ± 0.27	0.002
Total work, Add (J)	426.76 ± 151.15	602.52 ± 105.61	<0.001
Total work, Abd (J)	376.23 ± 127.02	468.94 ± 122.31	0.002
Total work, Add + Abd (J)	802.99 ± 274.49	1071.46 ± 209.04	<0.001
Stiffness, Add	0.003 ± 0.007	0.936 ± 1.267	0.02
Stiffness, Abd	0.002 ± 0.001	0.049 ± 0.090	0.09

Differences were considered significant when . Add/Abd indicates shoulder joint adduction/abduction.