Effects of Acupuncture on Explosive Force Production by the Healthy Female Shoulder Joint

Table 2

Mean (SD) shoulder joint Flex/Ext before and after acupuncture.

Flex/Ext	Pre 180	Post 180
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Average max torque, Flex (Nm/kg)	0.3 ± 0.11	0.36 ± 0.19	0.081
Average max torque, Ext (Nm/kg)	0.47 ± 0.12	0.61 ± 0.07	<0.001
Average work, Flex (J/kg)	0.43 ± 0.09	0.54 ± 0.10	<0.001
Average work, Ext (J/kg)	0.55 ± 0.16	0.73 ± 0.12	<0.001
Average power, Flex (W/kg)	0.30 ± 0.09	0.44 ± 0.10	<0.001
Average power, Ext (W/kg)	0.46 ± 0.18	0.70 ± 0.12	<0.001
Average max speed, Flex (deg/s ∗ kg)	1.77 ± 0.32	2.18 ± 0.31	0.002
Average max speed, Ext (deg/s ∗ kg)	2.25 ± 0.56	2.81 ± 0.32	<0.001
Total work, Flex (J)	364.91 ± 79.07	462.34 ± 93.19	<0.001
Total work, Ext (J)	467.99 ± 127.00	632.92 ± 118.68	<0.001
Total work, Flex + Ext (J)	832.90 ± 194.67	1095.26 ± 203.42	<0.001
Stiffness, Flex	0.002 ± 0.002	0.154 ± 0.304	0.112
Stiffness, Ext	0.004 ± 0.005	0.112 ± 0.096	0.002

Differences were considered significant when . Flex/Ext indicates shoulder joint flexion/extension.