Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. Exhibits Antiobesity Properties and Potentially Induces Browning of White Adipose Tissue

Figure 2

UP inhibits secretion of lipid droplets in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated or undifferentiated (UD) and treated with or without UP for 10 days before they were stained with oil red O (a). Cell viability was confirmed with an MTT assay after 3T3-L1 cells were treated with different concentrations of UP (b). Real-Time PCR was carried out by extracting RNA of differentiated 3T3-L1 cells with or without treatment of UP (c). Western blot analysis of p-AMPKα and p-ACC against the housekeeping gene β-Actin. 3T3-L1 cells were treated with or without UP after differentiation. After 10 days, protein was extracted from the cells, separated using SDS-PAGE, transferred to a PVDF membrane, incubated overnight with the primary antibody, incubated with secondary antibody, and developed (d). Expressions of genes were compared against the differentiated control group. Western blot was repeated in triplicate, and images were quantified using ImageJ (e and f). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s posttest, and was considered significant.

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