Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. Exhibits Antiobesity Properties and Potentially Induces Browning of White Adipose Tissue

Figure 3

UP reduced obesity in mice. Food intake and water intake were monitored weekly and averaged as shown in (a–c). Food efficiency ratio was calculated using the weight gain to intake of food ratio (d). Weight of mice for each group was recorded every week for a period of 12 weeks. Mice in the normal group (nor) were given normal chow, whereas all other groups were given a HFD. After 4 weeks, oral administration of orlistat and UP was given daily for 8 weeks (e). After 12 weeks, mice were euthanized, and the fat tissue, liver, spleen, and kidney were harvested and weighed immediately (f and g). Statistics were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s posttest, and was considered significant. Statistical significance of HFD as compared to the control group in (d) are indicated by $; , for the orlistat group against HFD; #, for UP 100 against HFD; and +, for UP 300 against HFD.

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