In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Benjakul: A Potential Medicinal Product from Thai Traditional Medicine

Table 2

Percentage of inhibition at various concentrations and IC₅₀ values of the ethanolic and water extract of plant component in BJK preparation on PGE2 production.

Plant	Extract	% inhibition at various concentrations (mean + SEM) (% survival of cells at the highest concentration)								IC50(µg/mL)
		100 µg/mL	50 µg/mL	30 µg/mL	20 µg/mL	15 µg/mL	10 µg/mL	1 µg/mL	0.1 µg/mL
PCH.	Ethanol			86.54 ± 7.30 (77.33 ± 3.64)			73.72 ± 0.03	36.38 ± 1.77	35.91 ± 0.82	5.22 ± 0.53
	Water	10.92 ± 4.18 (97.56 ± 2.06)								>100
PSR.	Ethanol	87.50 ± 4.21 (98.04 ± 4.08)	95.36 ± 1.33				47.46 ± 5.52	30.09 ± 2.37		11.79 ± 3.20
	Water	5.09 ± 2.90 (59.23 ± 4.24)								>100
PIO	Ethanol			81.58 ± 2.67 (79.14 ± 2.62)			41.39 ± 2.53	15.60 ± 5.41	−6.92 ± 5.97	10.88 ± 8.88
	Water			10.28 ± 2.69 (74.14 ± 2.44)						>100
PIL.	Ethanol				98.70 ± 1.78 (83.35 ± 6.11)		66.64 ± 17.96	1.02 ± 14.62	−9.47 ± 20.61	7.96 ± 2.44
	Water	31.15 ± 3.84 (93.41 ± 2.13)								>100
ZOR	Ethanol					75.21 ± 15.07 (81.06 ± 6.28)	79.86 ± 13.27	57.99 ± 11.21	18.40 ± 9.33	0.83 ± 0.26
	Water							11.72 ± 1.78 (80.69 ± 3.10)		>100
BJK	Ethanol				83.20 ± 2.76 (95.41 ± 1.2)		80.16 ± 2.25	13.45 ± 1.56	8.77 ± 2.02	5.82 ± 0.10
	Water						9.67 ± 0.79 (75.40 ± 4.1)	6.66 ± 3.29	8.21 ± 2.98	>10

BJK: Benjakul, PCH: Piper chaba Hunt., PSR: Piper sarmentosum Roxb., PIO: Piper interruptum Opiz., PIL: Plumbago indica Linn., and ZOR: Zingiber officinale Roscoe.