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| Plant species | Essential oilformulation | Study design | Sample size | Country | Age (mean ± SD)/gender (Fem)† | Sample loss/reasons | Control group | Dosing protocol | Assessment check points | Assessment instruments of interest | Outcome | Ref. |
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| Pelargonium graveole ns | Gel | Phase II, randomized, double-blind | 80 patients (40 treated with Pelargonium gel and 40 treated with placebo) | Iran | 38 to 78 years (61.39 ± 9.038)/(51 women and 29 men) | − | Treated with placebo (base gel 1% geranium essence) | Application of the gel twice a day (morning and night) for 14 days | 2 weeks | Collection and culture of mycological samples from the palatal mucosa at each visit and colony count | + | [37] |
|
| Zataria multiflora | 0.1% gel | Phase II double-blind, open randomized and controlled | 24 patients (12 treated with miconazole gel and 12 treated with Zataria multiflora gel) | Iran | 24 (15 women and 9 men) aged 45 to 83 years (average 60.83) years | − | Miconazole gel (2%) | The gel was applied to the base of the denture four times a day for 4 weeks | 4 weeks | Colony counting of samples from the palatal mucosa, erythematous lesion on the palatal surface and from the surface of the denture | +/+ | [38] |
|
| Melaleuca alternifolia | Alcoholic and nonalcoholic solutions | Phase II randomized, single-center open clinical trial | 27 patients (13 treated with the alcoholic solution and 14 treated with the nonalcoholic solution) | USA | Men and women aged 18 to 65 years | 5 (two did not return to receive the study medication and three received the medication but never returned for follow-up) | − | Group I: rinse using 15 mL of the solution for 30–60 s four times a day for 14 days; Group II: rinse using 5 mL of solution for 30–60 s, four times a day for 14 days | 2 and 4 weeks | Assessment of signs and symptoms (thrush and erythema), extent of lesions, assessment of cure, improvement, change or worsening of oropharyngeal candidiasis | + | [39] |
|
| Melaleuca alternifólia | Cream | Phase II, randomized clinical trial | 27 patients (3 groups of 9: control group, Melaleuca artenifolia group and , nystatin group) | Chile | 50 to 77 years old/26 women and 1 man | − | Cream alone and cream + nystatin | For every 5 ml of cream, 1 ml was replaced by 1 ml of M. alternifolia cream and homogenized for 20 seconds | − | Culture and CFU count of samples from the palate mucosa in all sessions | + | [40] |
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| Melaleuca alternifólia | Oral solution | Phase II, single-center open study | 13 patients | USA | 18 and 65 years old/men and women | 1 (never returned) | − | Rinse using 15 ml of the solution for 30–60 s four times a day for 14 days | 2 and 4 weeks | Assessment of signs and symptoms of oropharyngeal candidiasis, mycological assessments included a KOH test, yeast quantification, and in vitro susceptibility studies | + | [41] |
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