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| Reference | Species | Models | Mechanisms |
|
| Benakis et al. 2016 [20] | Mice | Transient focal cerebral ischemia | The revealing of gut-brain axis and the impact of gut microbiota and meningeal IL-17+γδT cells on ischemic injury |
| Singh et al. 2016 [32] | Mice | Permanent distal MCAO model and transient fMCAO model | The gut microbiome was a target of stroke-induced systemic alterations and an effector with substantial impact on stroke outcome |
| Stanley et al. 2016 [33] | Mice | Ischemic stroke | Stroke promoted the translocation and dissemination of selective strains of bacteria that originated from the host gut microbiota |
| Houlden et al. 2016 [34] | Mice | Transient focal cerebral ischemia | Brain injury effected the gut microbiota, whereas changes in the gut microbiota after brain injury might affect recovery and treatment of patients |
| Winek et al. 2016 [35] | Mice | Focal cerebral ischemia | Microbial colonization or specific microbiota were crucial for stroke outcome |
| Shichita et al. 2009 [124] | Mice | Focal brain ischemia model | T lymphocytes could be a therapeutic target for mitigating the inflammatory events that amplified the initial damage in cerebral ischemia |
| Liesz et al. 2009 [126] | Mice | Ischemia model | Treg cells were major cerebroprotective modulators of postischemic inflammatory brain damage |
| Li et al. 2013 [127] | Rodent | Ischemia model | Treg adoptive therapy was a cell-based therapy targeting poststroke inflammatory dysregulation and neurovascular disruption |
| Sun et al. 2016 [129] | Mice | Diabetes and cerebral I/R | Disruption of the bidirectional interactions between the gut microbiota and the nervous system might be involved in the pathophysiology of acute and chronic gastrointestinal disease states |
| Crapser et al. 2016 [132] | Mice | Transient focal cerebral ischemia | Compared to young mice, aged mice developed a septic response after stroke |
| Bodhankar et al. 2015 [135] | Mice | Middle cerebral artery occlusion model | A major neuroprotective role for IL-10+ B-cells in treating MCAO |
| Caso et al. 2009 [139] | Rats | Permanent focal ischemia | Understanding the implication of bacterial translocation during stress-induced stroke worsening was of great potential clinical relevance |
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