Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Alone and in Combination with Proprietary Chromium Complex on Endothelial Function in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Clinical Study

Table 2

Effect of treatment on reflection index % (measure of endothelial function).

Parameter

ω-3FA 2000 mg; (A); (n = 18)

ω-3FA 2000 mg + PCC 10 mg; (B); (n = 19)

ω-3FA 2000 mg + PCC 20 mg; (C); (n = 21)

RI (%)

Baseline

4 weeks

8 weeks

12 weeks

Baseline

4 weeks

8 weeks

12 weeks

Baseline

4 weeks

8 weeks

12 weeks

Mean ± SD

−2.56 ± 0.77

−2.67 ± 0.70

−2.72 ± 0.73

−3.27 ± 0.67

−2.33 ± 0.76

−3.16 ± 0.75

−3.87 ± 0.75

−4.72 ± 0.79

−2.39 ± 1.13

−3.45 ± 1.14

−4.48 ± 1.02

−6.46 ± 1.00

value

—

≤0.05

≤0.05

≤0.0001

—

≤0.0001

≤0.0001

≤0.0001

—

≤0.001

≤0.0001

≤0.0001

Values expressed as mean ± SD. Ns: not significant. Within groups from baseline to each week (paired t-test was done): 4 wks–A , B , C .8 wks-A , B & C .12 wks–A, B & C . Between groups (ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test was done): 4 wks–B vs A , C vs A , C vs B ns. 8 wks-B vs A & C vs A , C vs B ns. 12 wks–B vs A, C vs A & C vs B .