The Effect of Toothpastes Containing Natural Ingredients Such As Theobromine and Caffeine on Enamel Microhardness: An In Vitro Study

Table 1

Enamel microhardness in the initial and demineralization phases in each group.

Group	Hardness mean value ± SD (KHN)			value
	Initial hardness ± SD	Demineralization hardness ± SD	Diff 1 ± SD
1 (theobromine)	235.96 ± 87.09	151.09 ± 82.76	84.86 ± 47.49	0.001
2 (caffeine)	216.40 ± 66.75	151.20 ± 64.03	65.20 ± 58.74	0.001
3 (fluoride)	214.48 ± 64.14	146.29 ± 69.26	68.18 ± 37.42	0.001
4 (distilled water)	247.37 ± 65.44	149.98 ± 64.42	97.39 ± 64.52	0.001
	0.457	0.996	0.146

Diff 1 = initial–demineralization; SD: standard deviation.