Tianxiangdan Improves Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Rats by Inhibiting Microvascular Inflammation via Nrf2 Activation

Figure 4

TXD decreased IL-1β, TNF-α, p-IκBα, and p-p65 expression and increased Nrf2 and HO-1 expression in CMD rats. (a) Serum levels of IL-1β and TNF-α; (b) Representative protein bands of IL-1β and TNF-α and relative protein expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in CMD rats. (c) Representative protein bands of IκBα, p-IκBα, NF-κB p65, and p-p65 and relative protein expression of p-IκBα and p-p65 in CMD rats. (d) Representative protein bands of Nrf2 and HO-1 and relative expression in CMD rats. or vs. sham group; or vs. CMD group. IL-1β, interleukin 1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IκBα, NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha; p-IκBα, phosphorylated NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha; NF-κB p65, nuclear factor-kappa B subunit p65; p-p65, phosphorylated p65; Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; HO-1, heme oxygenase-1; TXD, tianxiangdan granules; TXD-L, low-dose TXD; TXD-M, mid-dose TXD; TXD-H, high-dose TXD; CMD, coronary microvascular dysfunction; NCR, nicorandil.

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