Flaxseed Oil Supplementation Augments Antioxidant Capacity and Alleviates Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Table 3
Pooled estimates of flaxseed oil effects on antioxidant system function within different subgroups.
Variables
No. of studies
WMD or SMD (95% CI)
value
(%)
P heterogeneity
MDA
Total
8
−0.52 (−0.89, −0.15)
0.006
71.3
<0.001
FL dosage (mg)
≤2000
4
−0.84 (−1.11, −0.56)
<0.001
68.0
0.025
>2000
4
−0.14 (−0.43, 0.14)
0.311
—
0.398
Sample size
≤26
4
−0.53 (−0.83, −0.22)
<0.001
82.7
<0.001
>26
4
−0.48 (−0.74, −0.23)
<0.001
57.3
0.071
Intervention duration (week)
≤8
4
−0.53 (−0.83, −0.22)
<0.001
82.7
<0.001
>8
4
−0.48 (−0.74, −0.23)
<0.001
57.3
0.071
Mean age (years)
≤48
4
−0.43 (−0.71, −0.15)
0.002
84.6
<0.001
>48
4
−0.57 (−0.84, −0.29)
<0.001
32.6
0.217
Type of flaxseed
Flaxseed oil
5
−0.33 (−0.58, −0.08)
0.010
62.3
0.031
Omega-3 fatty acid from flaxseed oil
3
−0.78 (−1.10, −0.46)
<0.001
77.5
0.012
GSH
Total
4
0.45 (−0.12, 1.01)
0.122
77.9
0.004
Mean age (years)
≤48
1
1.19 (0.59, 1.79)
<0.001
—
—
>48
3
0.21 (−0.08, 0.51)
0.159
62.3
0.070
Type of flaxseed
Flaxseed oil
1
0.34 (−0.17, 0.85)
0.187
—
—
Omega-3 fatty acid from flaxseed oil
3
0.43 (0.12, 0.74)
0.007
85.2
0.001
TAC
Total
5
82.84 (19.80, 145.87)
0.010
92.7
<0.001
Mean age (years)
≤48
2
−0.02 (−0.03, −0.01)
0.003
66.0
0.086
>48
3
143.4(101.22, 185.61)
<0.001
72.7
0.026
Type of flaxseed
Flaxseed oil
2
−0.02 (−0.03, −0.01)
<0.001
66.0
0.003
Omega-3 fatty acid from flaxseed oil
3
46.88 (19.85, 73.92)
0.023
51.8
<0.001
MDA: malondialdehyde; GSH: glutathione; TAC: total antioxidant capacity; SMD: standardized mean difference; WMD: weighted mean difference; CI: confidence interval.
