Duchesnea indica Extract Attenuates Coal Fly Ash-Induced Inflammation in Murine Alveolar Macrophages through the NF-Kappa B Pathway

Figure 4

Effect of the DIE on CFA-induced mRNA expression in MH-S cells measured by real-time PCR. (a–e) After 18 h of incubation with CFA (2.5 µg/mL), the mRNA levels of COX-2, iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β were analyzed via quantitative real-time PCR. GAPDH was used as a control gene. The cells were seeded in a six-well plate, and the doses of DIE were used as 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL. All values were expressed as standard error of mean ± (SEM) from three independent experiments. when compared with basal group; , , and when compared with the only CFA-treated group.

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