A Systematic Review of Antiaging Effects of 23 Traditional Chinese Medicines

Table 1

Antiaging research of TCM and its active components with Caenorhabditis elegans as a model.

Types of TCM	Role form	Component analysis method	Main ingredients	Dose	Life expectancy increased	Key genes	Pathways	References
Clove	Essential oil	Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS)	Aryophyllene; phenol; 2-methoxyl-3-(2-propenyl)	1 mg/ml	15.3%	daf-16; sod-3; gst-4; cep-1	Antioxidant pathway; insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway (IIS); apoptosis pathway	[27]
Coix seed	Essential oil	GC–MS	Linoleic acid; oleic acid; palmitic acid	1mg/ml	22.79%	mev-1; hsf-1; daf-16	Antioxidant pathway	[28]
Lonicera japonica	Crude extractions	High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)	Chlorogenic acid; 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid; 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid	500 μg/ml	21.87%	mev-1; hsf-1; daf-16; daf-2; sod-3	Antioxidant pathway; IIS	[29]
Glycyrrhizae radix	Crude extractions	Reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC)	Liquiritin; isoliquiritin; glycyrrhizic acid	0.24 g/ml	—	daf-16; daf-18; pdk-1	IIS	[30]
Gengnianchun	Aqueous extract	—	—	3.94 mg/ml	31.3%	age-1; daf-16	IIS	[31]
Rehmannia glutinosa	Neutral Polysaccharides	UPLC analysis; FR-IR spectrum	Galactose, glucose, and arabinose	—	—	sod-3; daf-16; daf-2	Antioxidant pathway; IIS	[32]
Lycium barbarum	Neutral Polysaccharides	Phenol-sulfuric acid method; HPLC-GPC; FR-IR spectrum; GC-MS	Mannose, glucose, and galactose	300 μg/ml	20.72%	daf-16; daf-2; daf-12; sir-2.1	IIS	[33]
Juniper berry (Juniperus communis L.)	Essential oil	GC-MS	α-pinene; limonene	10 ppm	18.5%	sod-3; gst-4: daf-16; skn-1	Antioxidant pathway; IIS	[34]
Zanthoxyllum aramatum	Natural flavonol; tambulin	—	—	50 μM	16.79%	sod-1; sod-3; stl-2; daf-16	Antioxidant pathway; IIS	[35]
Hibiscus sabdariffa L.		—	—	1mg/ml	24%	daf-16; skn-1	—	[36]
Polygonum multiflorum	Aqueous extract	—	—	1000 μg/ml	18.6%	daf-16; sir-2.1	IIS	[37]
Ganoderma lucidum	Aqueous extract	—	—	7.5 mg/ml	—	eat-2; rsks-1	mTor/s6k pathway; dietary restriction pathway	[38]
Astragalus membranaceus	Astragaloside IV (AS-IV)	—	—	—	27.8%	sod-3; sod-4; sod-5; daf-16	Antioxidant pathway; IIS	[39]