Tribulus terrestris L. Extract Protects against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in RAW 264.7 Macrophage and Zebrafish via Inhibition of Akt/MAPKs and NF-κB/iNOS-NO Signaling Pathways

Figure 2

BJL ameliorated fin transection or LPS-induced migration and aggregation of the neutrophils in zebrafish. (a-b) The transgenic zebrafish line Tg(MPO:GFP) which expresses green fluorescence protein in neutrophils was employed in this experiment. Three DPF zebrafish embryos were treated with various concentrations of BJL (3, 10, and 30 μg/ml) for 2 h and then zebrafish embryos were cut a part of the fin using a sharp needle and treated with BJL for another 2 h The photos were taken under a fluorescent stereoscopic microscope. The red line indicates the amputation site. The migrated cell numbers of neutrophils were calculated in each zebrafish embryo. (c-d) Three DPF zebrafish embryos were injected with LPS (0.3 μg/ml) and then treated with various concentrations (3, 10, and 30 μg/ml) of BJL for 24 h. The red circle indicates the injection site. The fluorescence intensity of the injection site was calculated by Image J data which were presented as the folds of the control group. Results were the means ± S.E.M. of more than 3 independent experiments. and versus the blank control group. and versus the LPS-treated group.

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