Review Article

Clinical Effects of Baduanjin Qigong Exercise on Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 3

Quality assessment.

Outcome (measurement)Number of participants (trials)Study designRisk of biasCertainty assessmentQuality of the evidence (GRADE)Recommendation
InconsistencyIndirectnessImprecisionPublication bias

Cancer-related fatigue (BFI)370 (5)RCTsSeriousNoneNoneNot seriousUndefective⊕⊕⃝⃝
Low quality
Strong for using
Quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30)190 (2)RCTsSeriousSeriousNoneSeriousUndefective⊕⃝⃝⃝
Very low quality
Strong for using
Quality of life (FACT-B)227 (3)RCTsSeriousSeriousNoneSeriousUndefective⊕⃝⃝⃝
Very low quality
Strong for using
Sleep quality (PSQI)117 (2)RCTsSeriousNoneNoneNot seriousUndefective⊕⊕⃝⃝
Low quality
Strong for using