Phytochemistry, Toxicology, and Pharmacological Properties of Origanum elongatum

Table 4

Other activities of O. elongatum.

Activities	Use part	Extracts	Experimental approach	Key results	References
Antiviral	Leaves	Essential oil	Cytopathogenic murine norovirus (MNV-1); RAW 264.7 cells	0.37 log10TCID50/ml reductions	[6]
	Flowering tops	Essential oil	Cytopathogenic murine norovirus (MNV-1); RAW 264.7 cells	0.75 log10TCID50/ml reductions	[6]
Antiparasitic	Leaves	Essential oil	Colonies of Apis mellifera bees; Efficacy against Varroa mite in beehives	Significant increase in mite drop; All Varroa mites died	[5]
	Leaves	Essential oil	Larva L3 of Anisakis pegreffii isolated from the host Scomber japonicas and Trachurus trachurus; Female Wistar rats infected with 6 Anisakis larvae by gastric catheter; Administration of O. elongatum (46.9 mg/0.5 mL of olive oil)	Significant larvicidal activity; Significant alterations in the esophageal region and cuticle detected in a large number of recovered larvae	[16]
Antioxidant	Leaves	Essential oil	EC50 = 1.20 g of extract/g DPPH		[1]
Vasodilatory activity	Leaves	Methanol extract	Perfusion pressure (PP) of the mesenteric bed of the rat; Synthesis inhibitor endothelial vasodilators factors; Vasoconstrictor α-mimetic: phenylephrine (PHE); Difference between the blood pressure before injection and blood pressure after injection	Vasodilatory activity (PP = 50 mmHg)	[17]
Vasodilatory activity	Leaves	Ethyl acetate extract	Perfusion pressure (PP) of the mesenteric bed of the rat; Synthesis inhibitor endothelial vasodilators factors; Vasoconstrictor α-mimetic: phenylephrine (PHE); Difference between the blood pressure before injection and blood pressure after injection	Vasodilatory activity (PP = 20 mmHg)	[17]
Effect on pomegranate juice quality	Flowering tops	Essential oil	pH variation; Determination of total sugars; Growth of natural flora in the pomegranate juice	Improved the juice conservation process while preserving the nutritional and organoleptic qualities	[10]
Corrosion inhibition	Leaves and flowers	Methanol/chloroform extract	Corrosion current density (jcorr); Electrochemical measurements; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS); Mass loss method; Adsorption isotherms	Corrosion potential (ecorr) decreased from −399.446 mV/ESC to −365.607 mV/ESC; Significant decrease in corrosion current (jcorr); Increased the charge transfer resistance (Rct) with increased OEE concentration; Ability of OEE to act as a protective layer against corrosion on mild steel	[18]
Hepatoprotective effect against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)	Leaves	Methanol extract	Single-dose intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) (0.6 ml/kg) induced hepatotoxicity in rats; Rats treated orally by gavage four doses of 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg body weight	Significant () decrease in serum aminotransferase levels and canalicular enzyme; ALP reduced the architectural destruction cells	[19]