Cognitive Improvement and Safety Assessment of a Dietary Supplement Containing Propolis Extract in Elderly Japanese: A Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Parallel-Group, Double-Blind Human Clinical Study

Table 4

Blood test.

		Placebo	Propolis
		(n = 33)	(n = 35)
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	Baseline	209.5 ± 39.8	227.2 ± 23.8^∗
	Week 24	229.1 ± 37.9	235.8 ± 23.0
	Δ	19.6 ± 24.2	8.7 ± 18.5^∗
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	Baseline	123.7 ± 28.5	137.3 ± 21.9^∗
	Week 24	141.1 ± 31.7	143.0 ± 21.0
	Δ	17.4 ± 19.8	5.7 ± 14.2^∗^∗
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	Baseline	64.2 ± 22.1	67.7 ± 16.5
	Week 24	67.1 ± 21.0	69.1 ± 16.2
	Δ	2.8 ± 8.1	1.5 ± 6.3
Urea nitrogen (mg/dL)	Baseline	14.7 ± 2.7	15.4 ± 3.6
	Week 24	15.2 ± 3.0	14.5 ± 3.0
	Δ	0.5 ± 2.6	-0.9 ± 2.8^∗
Creatinine (mg/mL)	Baseline	0.788 ± 0.182	0.764 ± 0.160
	Week 24	0.834 ± 0.187	0.779 ± 0.167
	Δ	0.046 ± 0.065	0.015 ± 0.061^∗
Uric acid (mg/mL)	Baseline	5.0 ± 1.2	5.0 ± 1.0
	Week 24	5.2 ± 1.3	4.8 ± 1.1
	Δ	0.3 ± 0.6	-0.2 ± 0.6^∗^∗
TNF-α (pg/mL)	Baseline	1.7 ± 0.3	1.7 ± 0.5
	Week 24	2.7 ± 0.6	2.5 ± 0.6
	Δ	1.0 ± 0.5	0.8 ± 0.5
Mercury (μg/dL)	Baseline	0.86 ± 0.54	0.93 ± 0.63
	Week 24	0.65 ± 0.53	0.73 ± 0.56
	Δ	−0.22 ± 0.22	−0.21 ± 0.39

Values are mean ± SD. compared to placebo. and compared to baseline. Δ, change compared to baseline.