Research Progress on the Antiosteoarthritic Mechanism of Action of Natural Products

Table 3

Natural products of polyphenols with antiosteoarthritis function.

Compound	Source	Cell/animal model	Effect	Ref
Epigallocatechin gallate	Camellia sinensis	Horse chondrocytes induced by TNF-α and IL-1β	Reduce the content of COX-2, PGE2	[35]
Honokiol	Magnolia officinalis	Human OA chondrocytes induced by IL-1β	Inhibit expression/production of IL-6, COX-2/PGE2, and iNOS/NO	[36]
Resveratrol	Vitis vinifera, Arachis hypogaea, and Fructus Mori	Male C57BL/6 mice/chondrocytes of mice	Inhibit IL-1β, IL-6 ,and IL-18 expression levels, decrease caspase-3/9 activity, and stimulate HO-1/Nrf-2 signaling	[40,85]
Gallic acid	Cornus officinalis, Rheum palmatum, Punica granatum	Chondrocytes of male New Zealand rabbits	Decrease the content of ROS and increase the content of SOD	[51]
Pterostilbene	Semen Trigonellae, Vitis vinifera	Chondrocytes of SD rats	Inhibit the level of COX-2, iNOS, PGE2, and NO, prevent cartilage degeneration, and promot the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in cartilage	[52]
Piceatannol	Seeds of Euphorbia lagascae	Human OA chondrocytes induced by IL-1β/C57BL/6 male wild-type (WT) mice induced by DMM	Attenuated cartilage degeneration and reduced type II collagen loss and MMP-13 levels	[61]

DMM: destabilization of medial meniscus.