Effectiveness and Safety of the Korean Medicine Senior Health Promotion Program Using Herbal Medicine and Acupuncture for Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Retrospective Study of 500 Patients in Seoul, Korea

Table 5

Effectiveness of adjunctive herbal medicine extracts according to type of herbal medicine formula.

Variables

Guibi-tang (modified or not)

Cheonwangbosim-dan

Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang

Pre

Post

value

Cohen’s d

Pre

Post

value

Cohen’s d

Pre

Post

value

Cohen’s d

Overall

MoCA-K

16.78 ± 4.41 (46)

20.13 ± 5.17 (46)

<0.0001

0.96

13.10 ± 6.51 (10)

17.30 ± 7.83 (10)

0.0039

0.95

13.83 ± 3.06 (6)

18.00 ± 2.28 (6)

0.0313

1.87

MMSE-DS

23.39 ± 3.96 (46)

25.52 ± 3.69 (46)

<0.0001

0.76

21.80 ± 4.89 (10)

24.80 ± 3.68 (10)

0.0156

1.20

21.33 ± 4.68 (6)

26.67 ± 2.34 (6)

0.0313

1.85

GDSSF-K

8.39 ± 4.11 (46)

6.93 ± 4.66 (46)

0.0050

–0.42

6.20 ± 4.42 (10)

4.70 ± 4.24 (10)

0.2969

–0.49

5.33 ± 3.20 (6)

5.83 ± 4.36 (6)

0.3438

0.22

Nondepressed (GDSSF-K < 5)

MoCA-K

17.60 ± 3.75 (10)

20.90 ± 6.14 (10)

0.0469

0.76

12.25 ± 5.91 (4)

18.50 ± 7.85 (4)

0.2500

0.93

12.00 ± 4.24 (2)

18.50 ± 2.12 (2)

0.5000

3.07

MMSE-DS

25.30 ± 3.43 (10)

26.00 ± 3.50 (10)

0.5781

0.25

22.00 ± 4.24 (4)

25.25 ± 3.77 (4)

0.2500

1.30

23.00 ± 8.49 (2)

28.00 ± 2.83 (2)

0.5000

0.88

GDSSF-K

2.30 ± 1.06 (10)

2.20 ± 3.12 (10)

0.7031

–0.04

2.00 ± 0.82 (4)

2.25 ± 1.26 (4)

>0.9999

0.26

2.00 ± 2.83 (2)

0.50 ± 0.71 (2)

>0.9999

–0.42

Depressed (GDSSF-K ≥ 5)

MoCA-K

16.56 ± 4.59 (36)

19.92 ± 4.94 (36)

<0.0001

1.02

13.67 ± 7.37 (6)

16.50 ± 8.46 (6)

0.0313

1.93

14.75 ± 2.50 (4)

17.75 ± 2.63 (4)

0.1250

2.61

MMSE-DS

22.86 ± 3.97 (36)

25.39 ± 3.77 (36)

<0.0001

0.94

21.67 ± 5.68 (6)

24.50 ± 3.94 (6)

0.1250

1.04

20.50 ± 3.11 (4)

26.00 ± 2.16 (4)

0.1250

3.18

GDSSF-K

10.08 ± 2.80 (36)

8.25 ± 4.15 (36)

0.0028

–0.51

9.00 ± 3.35 (6)

6.33 ± 4.84 (6)

0.1875

–0.76

7.00 ± 1.83 (4)

8.50 ± 1.73 (4)

0.1250

2.59