Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Acupressure on Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Subgroup analyses of the combination therapy of acupressure with acupuncture.

Characteristic	Patients	Studies	Fixed-effects SMD (95% CI)	Heterogeneity
				I^2
Pain intensity
Duration of treatments
≤ 2 weeks	410	5	−1.16 (−1.37, −0.95)	74%	0.004
> 2 weeks	120	1	−1.02 (−1.40, −0.64)	—	—
Adjunctive interventions
Manual acupuncture	270	3	−1.19 (−1.45, −0.92)	85%	0.001
Electro-acupuncture	260	3	−1.07 (−1.33, −0.81)	0%	0.37
JOA
Duration of treatments
≤2 weeks	410	5	1.22 (1.0, 1.43)	94.9%	<0.00001
>2 weeks	60	1	0.72 (0.20, 1.24)	—	—
Adjunctive interventions
Manual acupuncture	150	2	0.66 (0.33, 0.98)	0.0%	0.7
Electro-acupuncture	320	4	1.43 (1.18, 1.68)	83.0%	0.0006