Plant Leaves Extract Irrigation on Wound Healing in Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of diabetic foot ulcer individuals at baseline.

Age (yr)	21–40	4 (5)	9 (11)	2.281	0.320
	41–60	51 (64)	50 (63)
	61–80	25 (31)	21 (26)
Gender	Male	68 (85)	64 (80)	0.693	0.405
	Female	12 (15)	16 (20)
Marital status	Married	78 (98)	78 (98)	0.000	1.000
	Single	2 (2)	2 (2)
Education	Postgraduate	5 (7)	4 (6)	0.107	0.744
	Graduate	23 (29)	19 (24)
	Secondary	6 (8)	9 (10)
	Primary	45 (56)	48 (60)
Occupation	Employed	58 (73)	59 (74)	0.032	0.858
	Unemployed	22 (27)	21 (27)
Type of family	Joint	31 (39)	29 (36)	0.107	0.744
	Nuclear	49 (62)	51 (64)
Monthly income (Indian rupees)	<20,000	31 (39)	47 (59)	6.831	0.77
	21,000–40,000	33 (41)	20 (25)
	41,000–60,000	14 (17)	11 (13)
	61,000–80,000	2 (3)	2 (3)
Duration of DM	<5 years	23 (29)	29 (36)	4.564	0.335
	5–15 years	26 (32)	28 (35)
	15–25 years	20 (25)	18 (23)
	>25 years	11 (14)	5 (6)
HbA1c level	≤7	6 (8)	8 (9)	0.08	0.772
	>7	74 (92)	73 (91)
Vibration sensation	Present	34 (43)	36 (45)	0.626	0.744
	Absent	46 (57)	44 (55)

NS, normal saline; NE, neem leaves extract irrigation; DM, diabetes mellitus.