Research Article
The Effect of Rhythmic Breathing on the Severity of Sternotomy Pain after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Table 2
The comparisons of mean scores of the pain severity in the RB and control groups.
| Day | Hours | Measurement times | Groups | Mean ± SD | Min | Max | value |
| Fist day | 9 a.m. | Before intervention | RB | 2.37 ± 0.99 | 1 | 5 | t(52.6) = 0.213, = 0.832 | Control | 2.30 ± 1.39 | 1 | 6 | After intervention | RB | 1.07 ± 0.64 | 0 | 3 | t(58) = −2.90, = 0.005 | Control | 1.50 ± 0.5 | 1 | 2 | 9 p.m. | Before intervention | RB | 2.10 ± 0.84 | 1 | 4 | t(58) = 0.91, = 0.363 | Control | 1.90 ± 0.84 | 1 | 4 | After intervention | RB | 0.87 ± 0.50 | 0 | 2 | t(57.2) = -4.78, < 0.001 | Control | 1.53 ± 0.57 | 1 | 3 |
| Second day | 9 a.m. | Before intervention | RB | 1.90 ± 0.54 | 1 | 3 | t(40) = −040, = 0.687 | Control | 2 ± 1.23 | 1 | 5 | After intervention | RB | 0.83 ± 0.46 | 0 | 2 | t(53.3) = −5.17, < 0.001 | Control | 1.57 ± 0.62 | 1 | 3 | 9 p.m. | Before intervention | RB | 1.97 ± 0.49 | 1 | 3 | t(54.3) = 1.58, = 0.119 | Control | 1.73 ± 0.64 | 1 | 3 | After intervention | RB | 0.97 ± 0.49 | 0 | 2 | t(55.5) = −4.91, < 0.001 | Control | 1.67 ± 0.60 | 1 | 3 |
| Third day | 9 a.m. | Before intervention | RB | 1.73 ± 0.58 | 1 | 3 | t(58) = 1.78, = 0.079 | Control | 1.47 ± 0.57 | 1 | 3 | After intervention | RB | 0.70 ± 0.53 | 0 | 2 | t(58) = −5.46, < 0.001 | Control | 1.43 ± 0.50 | 1 | 2 | 9 p.m. | Before intervention | RB | 1.77 ± 0.62 | 1 | 3 | t(58) = 2.27, = 0.027 | Control | 1.43 ± 0.50 | 1 | 2 | After intervention | RB | 0.70 ± 0.53 | 0 | 2 | t(58) = −5.46, < 0.001 | Control | 1.43 ± 0.50 | 1 | 2 |
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RB : rhythmic breathing; SD: standard deviation; Min : minimum; Max : maximum; independent t-test. |