Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols in the Management of Diabetic Neuropathy

Table 1

Common and serious adverse effects of currently available drugs that are used in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy.

Drug	Common adverse effects	Serious adverse effects	References
Amitriptyline	Nausea, insomnia, headache, blurred vision, dizziness, sedation, dry mouth, orthostatic hypotension, urinary retention	Hyponatraemia, serotonin syndrome, suicidal thoughts, hepatotoxicity, seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, interstitial lung disease	[12–14]
Gabapentin	Dry mouth, peripheral oedema, somnolence, gait disturbance, weight gain, headache, dizziness	Suicidal thoughts and behavior, Stevens–Johnson syndrome, seizures, hepatitis, withdrawal reactions, confusion	[15]
Tramadol	Nausea, headache, dizziness, sweating, constipation, somnolence	Hallucinations, seizures, opioid abuse/misuse, serotonin syndrome	[16]
Duloxetine	Dizziness, nausea, headache, dry mouth, diarrhoea, somnolence, sweating, insomnia, constipation, tremor	Hepatic failure, serotonin syndrome, hypertensive crisis, urinary retention, interstitial lung disease, hyponatraemia, Stevens–Johnson syndrome, seizures	[17–19]
Venlafaxine	Nausea, headache, insomnia, vomiting, diarrhoea, sweating, dry mouth, anorexia, somnolence		[20]
Pregabalin	Dry mouth, dizziness, somnolence, weight gain, weakness, headache, peripheral oedema	Seizures, angioedema, hepatotoxicity, rhabdomyolysis, Stevens–Johnson syndrome, suicidal thoughts, cardiac arrhythmia, pulmonary oedema, thrombocytopenia	[21, 22]
Tapentadol extended release (ER)	Nausea, headache, somnolence, dizziness, sweating, constipation	Same as tramadol and angioedema	[23–26]