Research Article

Effect of Garlic (Allium sativum) Supplementation on Premenstrual Disorders: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Table 2

Premenstrual symptoms scores in placebo and garlic groups before (cycle 0) and after intervention (cycles 1, 2, and 3).

SymptomsGroupsMean difference between groups (95% CI)−value
Placebo (n = 64) mean ± SDGarlic (n = 65) mean ± SD

Mood symptomsCycle 0
Cycle 1
Cycle 2
Cycle 3
7.43 ± 2.18
6.28 ± 2.21
5.76 ± 2.02
5.18 ± 1.85
7.56 ± 2.09
4.95 ± 1.92
3.67 ± 2.03
2.33 ± 1.92
−0.13 (−0.08–0.61)
1.32 (0.60–2.04)
2.08 (1.37–2.79)
2.84 (2.18–3.50)
0.727
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001

Behavioral symptomsCycle 0
Cycle 1
Cycle 2
Cycle 3
13.29 ± 4.38
11.73 ± 3.82
10.50 ± 3.48
9.57 ± 3.27
13.46 ± 3.87
9.53 ± 4.16
7.24 ± 4.04
5.07 ± 3.58
−0.16 (−1.60–1.27)
2.19 (0.80–3.58)
3.25 (1.93–4.57)
4.50 (3.30–5.69)
0.822
0.002
<0.001
<0.001

Physical symptomsCycle 0
Cycle 1
Cycle 2
Cycle 3
5.64 ± 2.52
5.10 ± 2.74
4.54 ± 2.63
4.06 ± 2.43
5.50 ± 3.01
3.81 ± 2.24
2.72 ± 2.24
1.93 ± 1.86
0.13 (−0.83–1.10)
1.29 (0.43–2.16)
1.82 (0.97–2.67)
2.12 (1.36–2.88)
0.787
0.004
<0.001
<0.001

Interfering symptomsCycle 0
Cycle 1
Cycle 2
Cycle 3
6.98 ± 2.34
6.26 ± 2.53
5.87 ± 2.32
5.43 ± 2.18
7.55 ± 2.03
5.03 ± 2.41
3.18 ± 2.05
1.86 ± 1.77
−0.56 (−1.33–0.19)
1.23 (0.37–2.09)
2.69 (1.92–3.45)
3.57 (2.88–4.26)
0.143
0.005
<0.001
<0.001

Total symptomsCycle 0
Cycle 1
Cycle 2
Cycle 3
33.35 ± 7.96
29.39 ± 8.33
26.68 ± 7.58
24.28 ± 7.22
34.09 ± 7.31
23.33 ± 7.67
16.83 ± 7.78
11.21 ± 7.17
−0.74 (−3.99–1.93)
6.05 (3.26–8.84)
9.85 (7.17–12.53)
13.07 (10.55–15.57)
0.587
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001

Resulted from repeated measures ANOVA test based on comparing the mean difference between two groups.