Cost-Effectiveness of Oral Antidiabetic Drugs: A Prospective Multicenter Study of Real-World Patients

Table 10

Baseline characteristics weighted by the inverse propensity score.

	Metformin	Xiaoke Pill	Other TCMs	Glimepiride	Acarbose	Xiaoke Pill + others	Others	ANOVA: + value
60 > age ≥ 50	0.22	0.23	0.18	0.29	0.20	0.30	0.23	0.83
70 > age ≥ 60	0.33	0.29	0.27	0.19	0.35	0.29	0.34	0.17
Age ≥ 70	0.32	0.35	0.45	0.38	0.29	0.29	0.28	0.44
Male	0.42	0.45	0.50	0.44	0.51	0.44	0.43	0.92
Lower secondary education	0.34	0.30	0.34	0.29	0.41	0.37	0.35	0.75
Upper secondary education	0.24	0.27	0.26	0.40	0.27	0.23	0.23	0.80
Tertiary education	0.11	0.14	0.20	0.08	0.11	0.12	0.14	0.50
Shenyang	0.24	0.24	0.20	0.22	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.98
Chengdu	0.24	0.18	0.13	0.20	0.19	0.19	0.21	0.59
Nanjing	0.19	0.23	0.30	0.14	0.23	0.23	0.19	0.61
Guangzhou	0.18	0.21	0.22	0.13	0.14	0.16	0.20	0.55
2000 > income ≥ 1000	0.43	0.44	0.42	0.47	0.40	0.34	0.39	0.81
Income ≥ 2000	0.31	0.33	0.35	0.32	0.38	0.36	0.36	0.96
UEBMI	0.62	0.65	0.67	0.63	0.70	0.56	0.65	0.78
NRCM	0.11	0.08	0.12	0.09	0.05	0.14	0.10	0.80
Govern. insur.	0.06	0.04	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.05	0.88
Currently smoking	0.19	0.21	0.18	0.13	0.22	0.24	0.19	0.72
Currently drinking	0.20	0.30	0.29	0.37	0.24	0.31	0.25	0.43
Any physical exercise	0.76	0.81	0.91	0.79	0.82	0.79	0.79	0.01
Diet control	0.89	0.87	0.95	0.81	0.87	0.93	0.90	0.17
10 > duration ≥ 5	0.29	0.31	0.29	0.17	0.22	0.24	0.26	0.35
Duration ≥ 10	0.27	0.26	0.13	0.32	0.21	0.35	0.25	0.04
Heart disease	0.23	0.19	0.21	0.34	0.19	0.24	0.20	0.85
Hypertension	0.47	0.54	0.49	0.33	0.60	0.47	0.49	0.14
Dyslipidemia	0.20	0.22	0.17	0.12	0.24	0.21	0.20	0.54
Stroke	0.06	0.08	0.05	0.04	0.06	0.05	0.08	0.58
Baseline BMI	0.57	0.59	0.56	0.43	0.65	0.61	0.57	0.50
Baseline HbA1c	0.37	0.35	0.26	0.39	0.38	0.36	0.40	0.61
Baseline FBS	0.43	0.44	0.53	0.52	0.50	0.41	0.45	0.84
Baseline hypoglycemia	0.13	0.09	0.12	0.08	0.13	0.17	0.11	0.74
Baseline SBP	0.41	0.43	0.48	0.52	0.47	0.41	0.42	0.88
Baseline DBP	0.24	0.33	0.22	0.37	0.28	0.20	0.28	0.36
Baseline TC	0.38	0.44	0.40	0.49	0.32	0.44	0.39	0.63
Baseline TG	0.39	0.47	0.38	0.47	0.43	0.42	0.42	0.90
Baseline HRQoL	0.45	0.49	0.42	0.41	0.47	0.51	0.49	0.92

Note: observations are weighted by inverse propensity scores calculated from multinomial logistic regressions with regressors including demographic factors such as age and sex, socioeconomic factors such as education, household income, type of medical insurance, and city of residence, diabetes-related morbidities such as AMI, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and stroke, duration of diabetes, behavior factors such as alcohol use, smoking, physical exercise, and diet control, anthropometric and physiological indicators such as BMI, blood glucose level, HbA1c, blood pressure, TCH, TG, and HRQoL measured as EQ-5D score. The last column includes significant levels derived from ANOVA tests regarding the variable difference between treatment plans.