Cost-Effectiveness of Oral Antidiabetic Drugs: A Prospective Multicenter Study of Real-World Patients

Table 13

Double selection.

	HbA1c < 6.5%	Hypoglycemia	Endpoint HRQoL	Inpatient cost	Outpatient cost	OTC drug cost	Total cost
Metformin	0.33^a	0.35^a	0.89^ab	4.13^b	3.46^ab	0.86^a	8.34^bc
	(0.03)	(0.05)	(0.01)	(0.92)	(0.28)	(0.12)	(1.00)
Xiaoke Pill	0.44^b	0.42^a	0.90^b	1.38^a	2.86^a	0.81^a	5.04^a
	(0.03)	(0.05)	(0.01)	(0.89)	(0.27)	(0.11)	(0.97)
Other TCMs	0.35^ab	0.48^a	0.89^ab	3.34^ab	3.80^bc	1.53^b	8.84^bc
	(0.04)	(0.07)	(0.01)	(1.19)	(0.36)	(0.15)	(1.29)
Gliclazide	0.41^ab	0.42^a	0.87^ab	2.16^ab	3.82^bc	0.80^a	6.82^abc
	(0.04)	(0.07)	(0.01)	(1.19)	(0.37)	(0.15)	(1.30)
Acarbose	0.40^ab	0.39^a	0.88^ab	4.37^ab	4.74^cd	1.18^ab	10.24^c
	(0.04)	(0.07)	(0.01)	(1.26)	(0.39)	(0.16)	(1.37)
Xiaoke Pill+	0.44^b	0.37^a	0.87^a	1.95^ab	3.38^ab	0.85^a	5.95^ab
	(0.03)	(0.06)	(0.01)	(1.01)	(0.31)	(0.13)	(1.09)
Glibenclamide	0.32^ab	0.42^a	0.89^ab	0.95^ab	3.26^abcd	0.34^a	4.07^abc
	(0.12)	(0.22)	(0.03)	(3.77)	(1.16)	(0.48)	(4.10)
Others	0.36^ab	0.44^a	0.89^ab	3.16^ab	5.09^d	0.87^a	9.17^c
	(0.01)	(0.03)	(0.00)	(0.45)	(0.14)	(0.06)	(0.48)
Observations	1903	1903	1903	1903	1903	1903	1903

Note: inpatient cost, outpatient cost, medication cost, and total cost are measured with the unit of 1000 RMB. The predictive margins are calculated after multivariate regressions. When calculating the predictive margins, covariates including age, sex, education, household income, type of medical insurance, city of residence, diabetes-related morbidities including AMI, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and stroke, duration of diabetes, alcoholic use, smoking, physical exercise, diet control, BMI, blood glucose level, HbA1c, blood pressure, TCH, TG, and EQ-5D score are controlled. Estimates sharing a letter in the group label are not significantly different at the 5% level.