Cost-Effectiveness of Oral Antidiabetic Drugs: A Prospective Multicenter Study of Real-World Patients

Table 4

Baseline characteristics (%).

	Metformin	Xiaoke Pill	Other TCMs	Glimepiride	Acarbose	Xiaoke Pill + others	Glibenclamide	Others	Total	ANOVA: value
60 > age ≥ 50	25	31	26	20	15	25	17	25	25	0.06
70 >age ≥ 60	31	27	35	40	37	26	33	35	33	0.05
Age ≥ 70	22	20	31	30	34	24	8	28	27	0.03
Male	46	41	45	45	46	41	50	45	44	0.88
Lower secondary education	40	41	39	34	38	34	42	34	36	0.44
Upper secondary education	24	21	28	15	26	20	33	25	24	0.12
Tertiary education	14	16	7	9	17	16	0	13	13	0.07
Shenyang	33	42	74	17	18	10	33	12	23	0.00
Chengdu	24	27	6	16	26	33	25	19	21	0.00
Nanjing	16	8	4	53	12	5	42	24	19	0.00
Guangzhou	11	14	7	10	15	39	0	24	20	0.00
2000 > income ≥ 1000	49	37	53	31	31	28	58	38	38	0.00
Income ≥ 2000	31	33	20	23	51	46	0	39	36	0.00
UEBMI	65	64	69	41	72	63	58	65	64	0.00
NRCM	5	5	3	30	2	9	8	11	10	0.00
Govern. insur.	4	3	2	5	9	6	0	6	5	0.24
Currently smoking	25	21	27	16	19	18	33	19	20	0.18
Currently drinking	29	27	18	27	28	20	25	25	25	0.25
Any physical exercise	81	84	79	68	80	81	58	79	79	0.02
Diet control	89	85	84	88	93	92	92	91	90	0.03
10 > duration ≥ 5	19	20	24	35	19	29	42	28	26	0.00
Duration ≥ 10	17	17	34	16	15	24	17	29	24	0.00
Heart disease	18	21	40	20	25	16	17	19	21	0.00
Hypertension	53	35	55	48	64	46	8	51	49	0.00
Dyslipidemia	27	16	26	20	26	11	8	20	20	0.00
Stroke	11	5	16	13	10	5	0	7	8	0.00
Baseline BMI	67	54	59	70	55	47	42	58	58	0.00
Baseline HbA1c	42	53	29	37	51	46	33	33	39	0.00
Baseline FBS	47	61	31	42	59	54	33	39	45	0.00
Baseline hypoglycemia	12	9	9	10	8	9	8	13	11	0.35
Baseline SBP	44	33	44	54	39	38	50	39	40	0.01
Baseline DBP	33	27	28	37	18	27	42	23	26	0.00
Baseline TC	42	41	52	22	28	40	33	40	39	0.00
Baseline TG	51	39	46	39	33	38	50	41	41	0.04
Baseline HRQoL	47	52	46	45	55	53	50	46	48	0.46
Observations	203	233	137	128	110	177	12	903	1903	1903

Note: the last column includes significant levels derived from ANOVA tests regarding variable difference between different therapies.