Tamarindus indica Seed Extract-Based Botanical Compositions Alleviate Knee Pain and Improve Joint Function in Mild-to-Moderate Osteoarthritis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study
Table 2
Comparison analyses of the WOMAC scores between the herbal-supplemented groups and placebo.
Groups/subgroups
Baseline
Scores (mean ± SD) on evaluation days
Day 5
Day 28
Day 56
WOMAC pain
Placebo (n = 27)
50.37 ± 3.92
47.29 ± 4.05
44.33 ± 4.34
41.48 ± 4.7
KL-II (n = 20)
49.7 ± 4.05
46.75 ± 4.29
43.6 ± 4.41
40.65 ± 4.74
KL-III (n = 7)
52.29 ± 2.98
48.86 ± 3.02
46.43 ± 3.64
43.86 ± 3.98
NXT15906F6 (n = 27)
50.4 ± 4.15
39.51 ± 4.94$
31.74 ± 4.68$
24.66 ± 4.81$
KL-II (n = 21)
49.62 ± 4.31
39.38 ± 5.44$
31.52 ± 5.01$
24.38 ± 5.10$
KL-III (n = 6)
53.17 ± 1.94
40.00 ± 2.83$
32.50 ± 3.62$
25.67 ± 3.83$
NXT19185 (n = 27)
50.81 ± 4.51
37.92 ± 4.93$
25.62 ± 4.78$
18.37 ± 3.57$
KL-II (n = 22)
50.41 ± 3.86
37.64 ± 5.18$
25.00 ± 4.89$
18.36 ± 3.62$
KL-III (n = 5)
52.60 ± 7.02
39.20 ± 3.90$
28.40 ± 3.36$
18.40 ± 3.78$
WOMAC stiffness
Placebo (n = 27)
42.77 ± 5.77
40.64 ± 6.18
39.81 ± 7.69
37.12 ± 6.15
KL-II (n = 20)
42.75 ± 6.53
40.5 ± 6.91
39.63 ± 7.71
37.25 ± 6.78
KL-III (n = 7)
42.86 ± 3.04
41.07 ± 3.78
40.36 ± 3.66
36.79 ± 4.26
NXT15906F6 (n = 27)
42.31 ± 6.57
36.66 ± 7.07
29.81 ± 6.38$
25.64 ± 5.65$
KL-II (n = 21)
41.9 ± 7.2
36.79 ± 7.79
29.88 ± 7.14$
25.48 ± 6.31$
KL-III (n = 6)
43.75 ± 3.79
36.25 ± 4.11
29.58 ± 2.92$
26.25 ± 2.62$
NXT19185 (n = 27)
43.05 ± 7.94
36.01 ± 8.27
28.51 ± 7.69$
20.09 ± 7.92$
KL-II (n = 22)
42.95 ± 8.72
35.68 ± 9.07
28.3 ± 8.47$
20.34 ± 8.7$
KL-III (n = 5)
43.50 ± 3.35
37.50 ± 3.06
29.50 ± 2.74$
19.00 ± 2.85$
WOMAC function
Placebo (n = 27)
44.69 ± 4.1
43.09 ± 4.2
42.17 ± 3.75
42.01 ± 3.92
KL-II (n = 20)
43.75 ± 3.82
42.13 ± 3.95
41.23 ± 3.35
41.32 ± 3.68
KL-III (n = 7)
47.40 ± 3.92
45.86 ± 3.94
44.87 ± 3.72
44.00 ± 4.21
NXT15906F6 (n = 27)
44.55 ± 4.95
41.36 ± 5.37
34.53 ± 4.55$
27.14 ± 5.47$
KL-II (n = 21)
43.96 ± 5.25
40.48 ± 5.50
34.08 ± 4.89$
27.08 ± 5.86$
KL-III (n = 6)
46.67 ± 3.24
44.42 ± 3.80
36.12 ± 2.89$
27.37 ± 4.29$
NXT19185 (n = 27)
45.4 ± 5.57
39.12 ± 5.75$
30.33 ± 6.02$
20.9 ± 6.85$
KL-II (n = 22)
44.86 ± 5.91
38.5 ± 6.1
29.72 ± 6.37$
20.61 ± 7.41$
KL-III (n = 5)
47.76 ± 3.08
41.88 ± 2.95
33.06 ± 3.42$
22.16 ± 3.89$
Total WOMAC
Placebo (n = 27)
1097.22 ± 91.83
1050.37 ± 93.82
1018.33 ± 85.25
995.93 ± 83.39
KL-II (n = 20)
1077.75 ± 88.84
1031.00 ± 91.36
998.25 ± 79.19
980.25 ± 80.27
KL-III (n = 7)
1152.86 ± 81.69
1105.71 ± 82.99
1075.71 ± 80.28
1040.71 ± 81.06
NXT15906F6 (n = 27)
1094.07 ± 111.85
974.07 ± 121.54
805.37 ± 108.77$
636.11 ± 121.73$
KL-II (n = 21)
1079.05 ± 118.58
958.81 ± 129.19$
796.67 ± 117.09$
633.33 ± 131.44$
KL-III (n = 6)
1146.67 ± 67.35
1027.50 ± 75.15$
835.83 ± 72.42$
645.83 ± 88.34$
NXT19185 (n = 27)
1112.04 ± 124.01
926.85 ± 130.70$
700.93 ± 131.62$
487.41 ± 133.35$
KL-II (n = 22)
1100.68 ± 130.29
914.09 ± 139.14$
686.82 ± 138.98$
482.95 ± 143.38$
KL-III (n = 5)
1162.00 ± 83.71
983.00 ± 67.60 $
763.00 ± 72.77$
507.00 ± 84.01$
and $ indicate significance (p < 0.05) in intragroup (vs. baseline) and intergroup (vs. placebo) comparison analysis, respectively, using post hoc Tukey’s test.
