|
| S.no | Photosensitizer | Study | Findings | Ref. |
|
| 1. | 5-ethylamino-9-diethylaminobenzo [a] phenothiazinium chloride (EtNBS) | Antimicrobial | (i) Two EtNBs derivatives were synthesized.
(ii) Both were phototoxic to staphylococcus aureus 29213.
(iii) But the carboxylic acid derivative was nontoxic to E. coli 25922. | [75] |
|
| 2. | MB (methylene blue) with PLGA (polylactic-co-glycolic acid) (MBNP) | Antitumor | (i) Found that PLGA-coated MB inhibits the tumor growth
(ii) Can be used in PDT and PTT-related anticancer therapies | [76] |
|
| 3. | F, NCDs (fluorine and nitrogen co-doped carbon dot) | Antitumor | (i) F, NCDs exhibited a better effect on cell imaging and were a promising tool for hypoxia tumor microenvironment in PDT. | [77] |
|
| 4. | Toluidine blue O (TBO) and radachlorin | Antimicrobial activity for dental caries and periodontal disease | (i) Found that Radachlorin® appears to be less effective than TBO-mediated photodynamic treatment at reducing streptococcus mutants in vitro viability. | [78] |
|
| 5. | Six types of compound silicon and aluminum-based phthalocyanine | Cytotoxicity of V79 cell | (i) Found that compounds I and II have the same photocytotoxicity in comparison to AIPcOH.xH2O
(ii) Compound IV showed more effective activity | [79] |
|
| 6. | Indocynine green | Phototoxicity on normal cells-Skin fibroblast and human skin keratinocyte cells | (i) The concentration of photosensitizer affects the phototoxic effect on the cells.
(ii) Photosensitizers in all tested concentrations damaged keratinocytes.
(iii) Fibroblasts withstand only the energies of 4 and 10 g/mL of indocyanine green. | [80] |
|
| 7. | Methylene blue | Anticancer- HT-29 cells (Colon) | (i) The mortality rate of the control group (A) and the treated group (B) were compared, and it was found that group B showed an 80% mortality rate. | [81] |
|
| 8. | Diarylethene derivative DAE-TPE | Antitumor | (i) DAE-TPE NPs changed from their “opened” form (OF) to their “closed” form (CF) when exposed to UV light, which activated photosensitizer.
(ii) The CF of DAE-TPE NPs were effective on cells | [82] |
|
| 9. | Bacteriochlorin derivatives | Antitumor | (i) Due to their specific accumulation in tumor tissue and quick elimination from the body, photosensitizers (PS) demonstrated 100% tumor growth inhibition and 100% response rate in PDT. | [83] |
|
| 10. | Photosensitizer encapsulated carbon dot (CQDs) | Antitumor-MCF-7 cells | (i) CQDs and HP-CQDs having high ROS generation properties in PDT cancer treatment | [84] |
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