Myricetin Induces Apoptosis and Protective Autophagy through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Figure 4

Myricetin-induced autophagy is mediated by ER stress activation. (a) SMMC-7721 and Hep3B cells were treated with various concentrations of myricetin for 24 h, and the expression of JNK and p-JNK was detected by western blotting. (b) SMMC-7721 and Hep3B cells were transfected with negative control siRNA or specific IRE1α siRNA and treated with 100 μM myricetin for 24 h. IRE1α, p-JNK, p62, LC3-I, and LC3-II expression was observed by western blotting. (c) SMMC-7721 and Hep3B cells were treated with various concentrations of myricetin for 24 h. The expression of AMPKα, p-AMPKα, mTOR, and p-mTOR was detected by western blotting. (d) SMMC-7721 and Hep3B cells were pretreated with 10 μM BAPTA-AM for 2 h and then exposed to 100 μM myricetin or vehicle for 24 h. Then, the cells were loaded with Fluo-3 AM for flow cytometry analysis. (e) The cells were treated as in (d) and checked for the expression of p-AMPK, p62, LC3-I, and LC3-II by western blotting.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)