| Study ID | Sample size | Age | Treatment versus control | Duration of treatment (months) | Outcomes |
| Chen [23] China | T: 47 | T: 28.43 ± 3.83 | T: ban-xia-xie-xin-tang, decocted. | 3 | BMI, WHR, HOMA-IR, FPG, FINS, TC, TG, LDL-c, HDL-c | C: 15 | C: 27.27 ± 5.75 | C: metformin, 500 mg, po, tid |
| Fang et al. [25] China | T: 45 | T:25.41 ± 3.48 | T: wen-shen-tiao-jing-tang, decocted. | 2 | BMI, HOMA-IR, FPG, 2hFPG, FINS, 2hINS, TC, TG, HDL-c, LDL-c | C: 45 | C:25.32 ± 3.37 | C: metformin, 500 mg, po, bid. |
| Hong et al. [22] China | T: 23 | T: 24.3 ± 5.8 | T: jian-pi-qu-tan-tong-luo-tang, decocted. | 3 | BMI, WHR, HOMA-IR, FPG, FINS, TC, TG, HDL-c, LDL-c | C: 22 | C: 25.1 ± 6.2 | C: metformin, 500 mg, po, tid. |
| Li [24] China | T: 45 | T: 25.33 ± 3.97 | T: wu-ji-san, powdered medicine. | 3 | BMI, WHR, FPG, 2hFBG, FINS, 2hFINS, TC, TG, HDL-C | C: 45 | C: 25.33 ± 4.32 | C: metformin, 500 mg, po, tid. |
| Liang et al. [31] China | T: 48 | 24.69 ± 3.55 | T: HYKT (Heyan Kuntai capsule) | 6 | BMI, WHR, HOMA-IR, FPG, 2hFBG, FINS, 2hFINS, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-c | C: 47 | C: placebo tid, 4 capsules each time. |
| Liang [28] China | T: 25 | T: 23.20 ± 3.73 | T: zi-shen-qing-re-li-shi-hua-yu-fang (granules). | 3 | HOMA-IR, FPG, FINS, 2hFPG,2hINS, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C | C: 25 | C: 24.20 ± 3.08 | C: placebo granules bid, 1 bag each time. |
| Luo [30] China | T: 19 | T: 23.1 ± 5.7 | T: bu-shen-hua-tan-qu-yu-fang, decocted. | 6 | BMI, FPG, FINS, T C, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C | C: 16 | C: 24.1 ± 4.3 | C: metformin, 500 mg, po, qd. |
| Mahdie [29] Iran | T: 29 | T: 28.62 ± 5.74 | T: cinnamon powder capsules | 3 | BMI, HOMA-IR, FPG, FINS, 2hFPG, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C | C: 30 | C: 26.53 ± 6.35 | C: placebo 500 mg, po, tid. |
| Mehri [32] Iran | T: 24 | T: 28.6 ± 4.7 | T: curcumin | 3 | BMI, HOMA-IR, FPG, FINS, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C | C: 36 | C: 27.2 ± 3.4 | C: placebo 500 mg/day |
| Wang et al. [20] China | T: 40 | 29.43 ± 4.35 | T: cang-fu-dao-tan-tang modified, decocted. | 3 | BMI, HOMA-IR, FPG, FINS, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C | C: 35 | C: metformin, 500 mg, po, tid. |
| Zhao et al. [27] China | T: 36 | 18~35 | T: yang-yin-yi-qi-huo-xue-fang, decocted. | 3 | BMI, HOMA-IR, FPG, FINS, TC, HDL-C, LDL- C | C: 26 | C: metformin, 500 mg, po, tid. |
| Zhao et al. [26] China | T: 30 | T: 23.2 ± 3.1 | T: yang-yin-yi-qi-huo-xue-fang, decocted. | 6 | BMI, HOMA-IR, FPG, FINS, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C | C: 22 | C: 24.1 ± 2.9 | C: metformin, 500 mg, po, tid. |
| Zheng et al. [21] China | T: 26 | T: 27.02 ± 4.98 | T: duo-nang-yin, decoction. | 6 | BMI, WHR, FPG, FINS, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C | C: 24 | C: 27.45 ± 4.67 | C: metformin, 500 mg, po, tid. |
|
|