Sigesbeckia orientalis Extract Ameliorates the Experimental Diabetic Nephropathy by Downregulating the Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Signaling Pathways

Figure 2

Representative photographs of periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-stained cortex (a) and Masson’s trichrome-stained medulla (b) of kidney tissues from control (CTR), diabetes mellitus (DM), and DM with Sigesbeckia orientalis extract (SOE)-administrated (DMRx) mice. Semiquantitative analyses of glomerular damage scores and the degree of interstitial connective tissue deposition are, respectively, provided in (c) and (d). The mesangium had increased between the glomerular capillaries (white asterisk), and the basement membrane (white arrows) of the capillary was thickened in glomeruli of DM kidneys. Some detached tubular cells (black arrow) from the distal convoluted tubules in the diabetic kidney cortex were observed. Numerous PAS-stained brush borders (black asterisk) are displayed in the proximal convoluted tubules in the CTR and DMRx groups, but they were reduced in the DM group. Notable connective tissue between the renal tubules (black arrow) in the medulla was detected in kidneys of DM mice. Kidney tissues from diabetic mice showing significantly higher glomerular damage scores and increased optical density in connective tissues stained with Masson’s trichrome. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. vs. the CTR or DMRx group.

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