Antimalarial Activity of Crude Extract and Solvent Fractions of Leaves of Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) against Plasmodium berghei in Mice
Table 7
Effect of crude extract and solvent fractions of the leaf of S. nigrum L. on body temperature and packed cell volume of P. berghei-infected mice in the prophylactic test.
Treatments
Dose
% packed cell volume
Temperature (°C)
D3
D7
PCV
D3
D7
% Change
4% Tween 80
10 ml/kg
53.14 ± 2.43
47.08 ± 2.55
−11.40
35.86 ± 0.48
34.02 ± 0.51
−5.13
Chloroquine
25 mg/kg
54.46 ± .92
55.40 ± 1.16
1.73a1
36.44 ± 0.36
36.94 ± 0.25
1.37a2
Crude extract
100 mg/kg
52.80 ± 1.65
50.15 ± 3.21
−5.02b1
35.74 ± 0.35
34.26 ± 0.40
−4.14
200 mg/kg
53.46 ± 2.10
51.20 ± 1.63
−4.23
36.62 ± 0.45
35.78 ± 0.41
−2.29
400 mg/kg
52.92 ± .73
51.04 ± 1.51
−3.56
36.77 ± 0.30
36.02 ± 0.27
−2.04
Chloroform fraction
100 mg/kg
52.38 ± 1.46
49.74 ± 2.28
−5.04b1
35.56 ± 0.40
34.22 ± 0.32
−3.67
200 mg/kg
52.60 ± 2.87
50.42 ± 1.56
−4.14
36.61 ± 0.33
35.39 ± 0.35
−3.33
400 mg/kg
53.82 ± 1.06
51.60 ± 2.015
−4.12
35.95 ± 0.36
35.18 ± 0.28
−2.14
Ethyl acetate fraction
100 mg/kg
53.34 ± 1.77
50.22 ± 2.33
−5.85b1
35.88 ± 0.80
34.26 ± 0.81
−4.52
200 mg/kg
52.91 ± 0.48
51.11 ± 1.93
−3.40a1
36.14 ± 0.47
34.92 ± 0.24
−3.36
400 mg/kg
52.16 ± 1.74
50.45 ± 1.49
−3.28a1
36.22 ± 0.38
35.54 ± 0.34
−1.88a1
Values are expressed as mean ± SEM; n = 5. a = as compared to the negative control (4% Tween 80 as a vehicle) 10 ml/kg; b = as compared to the positive control (chloroquine 25 mg/kg); 3 = ; 2 = ; 1 = .