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| Study (Years) | Patients (N) | Characteristics of patients (Age = years, disease course = days) | Diagnostic criteria | Intervene of the tongue acupuncture group | Intervene of the traditional acupuncture group | Outcome measures | Adverse events |
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| Chen et al. (2021) [13] | 58 EG: 29 CG: 29 | EG : Male: 17 female: 12 Age: 62.87 ± 8.66 Disease course: 24.24 ± 1.19 CG : Male: 11 female: 18 Age: 63.00 ± 6.50 Disease course: 23.54 ± 1.25 | The 4th national symposium on cerebrovascular diseases of the Chinese medical association Frenchay dysarthria rating scale | Acupoint: tongue acupoint (shengen), body acupoints (LU7, KID6, HT5, PC6, ST40, SP6, LI4, LIV3, GB20) TA position: both sides of the sublingual frenum TA operation: Oblique thorn 0.8 inches to the root of the tongue and twist the needle 20 min. 5 times per week; 6 weeks | Acupoint: jinjin and yuye bloodletting, body acupoints (LU7, KID6, HT5, PC6, ST40, SP6, LI4, LIV3, GB20) 3 times per week; 6 weeks | Clinical efficacy; Frenchay dysarthria rating scale | Not occurred |
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| Hao et al. (2017) [14] | 60 EG: 30 CG: 30 | EG : Male: 21 female: 9 Age: 62.3 (54.3∼70.3) Disease course: 5.6 months CG : Male: 24 female: 6 Age: 64.5 (56.8∼72.2) Disease course: 5.6 months | The 4th national symposium on cerebrovascular diseases of the Chinese medical association Frenchay dysarthria rating scale | Acupoint: tongue acupoint (bilateral beside REN23, above REN23, jinjin, yuye) TA position: Pang Lianquan, Shang Lian Quan: upper edge of thyroid cartilage; Jinjin, yuye: Both sides of the sublingual frenum TA operation: Oblique thorn(45°–60°) 25–40 mm to the root of the tongue and twist needle 20 s 30 min, 6 times per week; 4 weeks | Acupoint: REN23, DU15 6 times per week; 4 weeks | Clinical efficacy | Not reported |
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| He et al. (2019) [15] | 70 EG: 35 CG: 35 | EG : Male: 15 female: 20 Age: 61.20 ± 10.27 Disease course: 10.57 ± 6.06 CG : Male: 17 female: 18 Age: 57.86 ± 12.11 Disease course: 9.54 ± 6.19 | Guidelines for prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases in China Frenchay dysarthria rating scale | Acupoint: tongue acupoint (shengen, bilateral zuoliang, bilateral zhimai, jinjin, yuye, tongue prick); body acupoints: GB20, HT5, SP6, REN23 TA position: shengen, zuoliang, zhimai: sublingual; TA operation: oblique thorn< 1 inch to the root of the tongue and twist needle 30 min, 1 time per day; 20 days | Body acupoints: GB20, HT5, SP6, REN23 1 time per day; 20 days | Clinical efficacy; | Not reported |
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| Li et al. (2020) [16] | 75EG: 38 CG: 37 | EG : Male: 25 female: 13 Age: 62.00 ± 8.37 Disease course: 6.92 ± 3.12 months CG : Male: 27 female: 10 Age: 60.19 ± 8.84 Disease course: 6.95 ± 3.16 months | Guidelines for prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases in China Frenchay dysarthria rating scale | Acupoint: tongue acupoint (juquan, tongue surface prick); body acupoints: DU26, REN23, GB20, SJ17, jinjin, yuye, posterior pharyngeal wall. TA position: juquan: center of lingual surface TA operation: acupoints prick 30 min, 5 times per week; 3 weeks | Body acupoints: DU26, REN23, GB20, SJ17, jinjin, yuye, posterior pharyngeal wall | Clinical efficacy; NIHSS | Not reported |
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| Pan et al. (2016) [17] | 50 EG: 25 CG: 25 | EG : Male: 12 female: 13 Age: 50.5 ± 0.7 Disease course: 30 ± 0.5 CG : Male: 12 female: 13 Age: 50.8 ± 0.5 Disease course: 30 ± 0.8 | Frenchay dysarthria rating scale | Acupoint: Tongue acupoint (haiquan, juquan); body acupoints: Du meridian acupoints on the head TA position: haiquan: root of lingual frenum; juquan: center of the lingual surface TA operation: feed the needle 1.2–1.5 inches and twist for 10 s 30 min, 1 time per day; 2 months | Body acupoints: Du meridian acupoints on the head, 30 min 1 time per day; 2 months | Clinical efficacy; Frenchay dysarthria rating scale | Not reported |
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| Yu et al. (2007) [18] | 82 EG: 44 CG: 38 | EG : Male: 26 female: 18 Age: 40∼79 Disease course: 20∼180 CG : Male: 23 female: 15 Age: 42∼80 Disease course: 20∼180 | The 4th national symposium on cerebrovascular diseases of the Chinese medical association diseases in China | Acupoint: tongue acupoint (xinxue, pixue); Body acupoints: Jinjin, yuye, GB20, REN23, HT5, PC6). TA position: xinxue: the tip of the tongue; pixue: center of the lingual surface TA operation: fast needle feeding and twist 10 times 20 min, 1 time per day; 1 month | Body acupoints: Jinjin, yuye, GB20, REN23, HT5, PC6) 1 time per day; 1 month | Clinical efficacy | Not reported |
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| Yuan et al. (2020) [19] | 30 EG: 15 CG: 15 | Male: 17 female: 13 Age: 64.35. Disease course: 10∼90 | Frenchay dysarthria rating scale | Acupoint: tongue acupoint (juhou); TA position: juhou: tingual surface TA operation: oblique stab into the root of the tongue 30 min, 1 time per day; 10 times a course of treatment | Body acupoints: Jinjin, yuye, DU20 30 min, 1 time per day; 10 times a course of treatment | Clinical efficacy | Not reported |
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| Zhao et al. (2018) [20] | 80 EG: 40 CG: 40 | EG : Male: 23 female: 17 Age: 61 ± 9 CG : Male: 25 female: 15 Age: 63 ± 8 | The 4th national symposium on cerebrovascular diseases of the Chinese medical association Frenchay dysarthria rating scale | Acupoint: tongue acupoint: the root of the tongue, the middle of the tongue, the edge of the tongue, and the tip of the tongue, sublingual, jinjin, yuye; Body acupoint: GB20, REN23, GB20, ST40, SP6, KID3, yiming, gongxue, zhiqiang TA operation: prick on acupoint 30 min, 6 times per week; 2 weeks | Body acupoint: GB20, REN23, GB20, ST40, SP6, KID3, yiming, gongxue, zhiqiang 30 min, 6 d per week; 2 weeks | Clinical efficacy; Frenchay dysarthria rating scale | Not reported |
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| Zhao et al. (2015) [21] | 60 EG: 30 CG: 30 | EG : Male: 26 female: 4 Age: 60.5 ± 9.8 CG : Male: 25 female: 5 Age: 61.3 ± 9.4 | Scoring criteria of clinical neurological deficit in stroke patients Praat speech analysis software | Acupoint: tongue acupoint: Wai jinjin, yuye, lian quan, pang lianquan, juquan; Body acupoint: ST9, DU14, HT4, PC9, UB23, KID3, UB52 TA operation: oblique stab into the root of the tongue 2 times per day, 28 days | Body acupoint: PC6, DU26, HT5, GB20, GB12, SJ17, jinjin, yuye, posterior pharyngeal wall | NIHSS; clinical efficacy; | Not reported |
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