Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Review Article

Efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Animal Model of IgA Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Basic characteristics of the included studies.
StudySpeciesNumber (T/C)Gender m/fWeight (g)Model methodInterventionsOutcome
TreatmentControl
Bian et al., 2016SD rats10/100/40150 ± 10BSA + LPS + CCL4DecoctionDistilled water1
Chen et al., 2013SD rats12/1230/30200 ± 20BSA + LPS + CCL4DecoctionSaline1,3,5,10,19,20,21
Guo et al., 2010SD rats12/12NR220–260BSA + LPS + CCL4PatentDistilled water6,22
Huang et al., 2009SD rats7/7NR145–155BSA + LPS + CCL4PatentSaline8,9
Jin et al., 2017Wistar rats12/120/80200–220BSA + LPS + CCL4PatentDistilled water1,2,7
Liu et al., 2003SD rats10/100/50180 ± 10BSA + SEBPatentDistilled water1,2,3,4,14
Song et al., 2014Wistar rats12/120/60150 ± 10BSA + LPS + CCL4DecoctionDistilled water1,2,3,4,6
Tang et al., 2018SD rats20/200/80180 ± 20BSA + LPS + CCL4DecoctionSaline1,10
Wang et al., 2018SD rats6/60/30180–220BSA + LPS + CCL4DecoctionSaline1,2,3,4,5,11,12,13
Wang et al., 2010SD rats10/10NR180–220BSA + LPS + CCL4ExtractDistilled water3,4,23,24
Wang and wang, 2017Wistar rats10/110/80180 ± 20BSA + LPS + CCL4PatentSaline1,2
Xiang et al., 2013SD rats10/1060/0200 ± 20BSA + SEBPatentSaline1,2,3
Yang et al., 2019SD rats20/20NR180 ± 20BSA + LPS + CCL4DecoctionSaline1,3,4
Yang et al., 2017SD rats12/120/60180 ± 20BSA + LPS + CCL4DecoctionDistilled water1,3,4,9,26
Zhang et al., 2016SD rats12/120/72180 ± 20BSA + LPS + CCL4DecoctionSaline26
Zhang, 2013Wistar rats10/100/60240–260BSA + LPS + CCL4DecoctionDistilled water2,8,9
Zhou et al., 2015SD rats12/120/48180–200BSA + LPS + CCL4DecoctionDistilled water1,3,4
Zou et al., 2016Wistar rats12/120/72160–200BSA + LPS + CCL4PatentDistilled water1,2,7
Zeng et al., 2004SD rats12/1262/0140 ± 10BSA + SEBPatentDistilled water36,37
Hu et al., 1999SD rats12/1260/0180 ± 10BSA + SEBPatentDistilled water1,2,3,4,27,28,29
Lin et al., 2016SD rats15/1525/25130–160BSA + LPS + CCL4PatentDistilled water1,3,5,14,15,27,30
Liu et al., 2006SD rats12/120/48180 ± 10BSA + SEBDecoctionTap water1,3,4,5,
Sun et al., 2004SD rats12/1260/0140 ± 10BSA + SEBPatentDistilled water6
Wang et al., 2017SD rats12/120/36200–210BSA + SEBPatentSaline1
Yan et al., 2015SD rats8/80/56180 ± 10BSA + LPS + CCL4ExtractSaline1,2,3,4,5,12,13
Ye et al., 2014SD rats10/100/60180–220BSA + LPS + CCL4DecoctionDistilled water31,32,33,34,35
Zhou et al., 2003BALB/C mice10/100/4020BSA + SEBDecoctionSaline3,4,23,24,27
Cao et al., 2009SD rats12/120/48220–260BSA + LPS + CCL4PatentDistilled water16,17,18
Yu et al., 2013SD rats10/1029/29180–220BSA + LPS + CCL4PatentDistilled water25
Zhang et al., 2022SD rats8/88/8200 ± 20BSA + LPS + CCL4PatentDistilled water1,3,4,5,8
SD: Sprague-Dawley; BSA: albumin from bovine serum; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; SEB: staphylococcal enterotoxin-B; CCL4: carbon tetrachloride; ig:irrigation; h: hour; NR: NO report; D: days; W: weeks; 1: 24-hour urinary protein quantity; 2: urinary red blood cell; 3: serum creatinine; 4: blood urea nitrogen; 5: albumin; 6: transforming growth factor-β; 7: MMP-9 or matrix metallopeptidase 9/matrix metalloproteinase tissue inhibitor 1; 8: IL-6 or interleukin-6; 9: TNF-α or tumor necrosis factor-α; 10: nephrin mRNA; 11: uric acid; 12: alanine aminotransferase; 13: aspartate aminotransferase; 14: cholesterol; 15: triglyceride; 16: nuclear factor kappa-B; 17: monocyte chemotactic protein 1; 18: intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1; 19: nephrin; 20: podocin; 21: podocin mRNA; 22: P38MAPK; 23: superoxide dismutase; 24: malondialdehyde; 25: interleukin-13 mRNA; 26: interleukin-4; 27: immunoglobulin A; 28: immunoglobulin G; 29: immunoglobulin M; 30: C3; 31: prothrombin time; 32: prothrombin time activity; 33: activated partial thromboplastin time; 34: thrombin time; 35: fibrinogen; 36: nitric oxide; 37: nitric oxide synthase.