Characteristics of Vaginal Microbiome in Reproductive-Age Females with HPV Infection in Xinjiang, China
Table 1
Demographic characteristics of participants.
Total
N group
P1 group
P2 group
P value
No. of cases (n)
135
43
58
34
Age (years) (mean ± SD)/range
32.27 ± 5.88/(22–47)
33.65 ± 5.25/(25–45)
31.36 ± 5.86/(22–46)
32.06 ± 6.48/(23–47)
0.833a
Ethnicity, n (%)
Han
119 (88.1)
35 (81.4)
53 (91.4)
31 (91.2)
0.318b
Others
16 (11.9)
8 (18.6)
5 (8.6)
3 (8.8)
Body mass index (kg/m2), n (%)
<18.5
16 (11.9)
5 (11.6)
7 (12.1)
4 (11.8)
0.993b
18.5–24
88 (65.2)
28 (65.1)
39 (67.2)
21 (61.8)
24–28
27 (20.0)
9 (20.9)
10 (17.2)
8 (23.5)
≥28
4 (3.0)
1 (2.0)
2 (3.4)
1 (2.9)
No. of pregnancies (median [1/4–3/4 interquartile range])
2.0 (0–3)
2.0 (0–2)
1.0 (0–3)
1.5 (0.75–3.0)
0.556d
No. of births (median [1/4–3/4 interquartile range])
0.0 (0–1)
1.0 (0–1)
0 (0–1.25)
0.5 (0–2.0)
0.656d
Phase of menstrual cycle, n (%)
Follicular phase
76 (56.3)
20 (46.5)
35 (60.3)
21 (61.8)
0.290c
Luteal phase
59 (43.7)
23 (53.5)
23 (39.7)
13 (38.2)
Contraception, n (%)
No contraception
26 (19.3)
8 (18.6)
11 (19.0)
7 (20.6)
0.900b
Condom
86 (63.7)
27 (62.8)
37 (63.8)
22 (64.7)
IUD
12 (8.9)
4 (9.3)
5 (8.6)
3 (8.8)
Other
11 (8.1)
4 (9.3)
5 (8.6)
2 (5.9)
Age at first sex (years), n (%)
≥20
113 (83.7)
39 (90.7)
47 (81.0)
27 (79.4)
0.304b
<20
22 (16.3)
4 (9.3)
11 (19.0)
7 (20.6)
No. of sexual partners in lifetime, n (%)
1–2
104 (77.0)
37 (86.0)
42 (72.4)
25 (73.5)
0.186b
3–5
30 (22.2)
6 (14.0)
16 (27.6)
8 (23.5)
≥6
1 (0.7)
0 (0)
0 (0)
1 (2.9)
Frequency of sex in the past year, n (%)
≤1 time/week
104 (77.0)
34 (79.1)
43 (74.1)
27 (79.4)
0.956b
2–3 times/week
30 (22.2)
9 (20.9)
14 (24.1)
7 (20.6)
≥4 times/week
1 (0.7)
0 (0)
1 (1.7)
0 (0)
Smoking, n (%)
No
100 (74.1)
34 (79.1)
46 (79.3)
20 (58.8)
0.111b
Active smoking
5 (3.7)
1 (2.3)
3 (5.2)
1 (2.9)
Passive smoking
30 (22.2)
8 (18.6)
9 (15.5)
13 (38.2)
HPV status, n (%)
Positive for HPV16/18
17 (12.6)
0 (0)
15 (25.9)
2 (5.9)
0.014be
Positive for 12 other HPV types
54 (40.0)
0 (0)
34 (58.6)
20 (58.8)
Positive for both HPV16/18 and 12 other HPV types
21 (15.6)
0 (0)
9 (15.5)
12 (35.3)
Negative
43 (31.9)
43 (100)
0 (0)
0 (0)
Note. (a) The ANOVA test with mean ± SD. SD, standard deviation. (b) Fisher’s exact test with n (%) when there is a n < 5; otherwise, the Chi-square test. (c) (in bold) represents statistical significance. (d) The Kruskal–Wallis test with median (1/4–3/4 interquartile range). (e) Comparing between P1 and P2. IUD, intrauterine device; HPV, human papillomavirus.
