Piperine Enhances the Antimalarial Activity of Curcumin in Plasmodium berghei ANKA-Infected Mice: A Novel Approach for Malaria Prophylaxis

Figure 6

Immunohistochemistry examination. Normal distribution of Kupffer cells in normal liver sinusoid (a); the liver from the untreated group showing aggregated and scattered Kupffer cells, especially in the central venous area (++++) (b); ART: liver from mice receiving artesunate showing normal distribution of Kupffer cells (c); CUR: moderate decrease in the foci of aggregated Kupffer cells but still more than the normal group (++) (d); CUR + PIP: a mild increase in scattered Kupffer cells but without aggregations (++) (e); and PIP: a moderate increase in Kupffer cells aggregation (+++) (f); Red arrow, Kupffer cells. Magnification: 40×. ART, artesunate 5 mg/kg BW; CUR, curcumin 300 mg/kg BW; CUR + PIP, curcumin 300 mg/kg BW and piperine 20 mg/kg BW; PIP, piperine 20 mg/kg BW.