Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Acupuncture Inhibits Morphine Induced-Immune Suppress via Antioxidant System

Table 13

Histomorphometric analysis of Spleen.


Items (Unit)	Controls		Acupuncture groups
Items (Unit)	Normal	Morphine	HT7	SI5	LI5

Total thickness (μm)	4191.58 ± 3 65.56	2259.11 ± 3 03.52^a	3868.91 ± 29 9.41^c	3475.02 ± 3 43.93^ac	3041.15 ± 407.30ac
White pulp thickness (μm)	456.87 ± 38.90	276.50 ± ± 27.6^a	426.47 ± 39.43	404.35 ± 25.2, 4ac	370.24 ± 38.25^ac
White pulp numbers/mm2	49.00 ± 10.11	24.29 ± 4.31^e	42.78 ± 7.76^g	38.44 ± 3.36^fg	34.56 ± 4.33^eg

Immunolabeled cells (positive cells/mm²)
CD3	1208.33 ± 1, 84.94	380.00 ± 48, .83^e	850.11 ± 98.2, 5eg	763.67 ± 86, .00^eg	557.56 ± 82.50^e, g
CD4	518.00 ± 84.52	198.86 ± 29.5, 3a	452.00 ± 62.24^bc	384.78 ± 68.5, 9ac	341.89 ± 57.94^ac
CD8	363.56 ± 51.8, 1	82.00 ± 25.46^a	350.00 ± 31.67^c	281.56 ± 34.6, 5ac	210.22 ± 71.57^ac
Foxp3	30.00 ± 10.95	96.29 ± 13.83^a	36.44 ± 10.38^c	49.33 ± 12.29^a, c	63.78 ± 14.05^ac
CD34	90.22 ± 17.16	10.57 ± 3.60^a	86.67 ± 18.33^c	79.11 ± 10.64^c	47.33 ± 18.38^ac
CD45	92.22 ± 11.72	23.14 ± 8.71^a	76.89 ± 12.93^ac	68.67 ± 10.10^a, c	46.22 ± 10.27^ac
iNOS	264.67 ± 77.2, 6	40.86 ± 18.58^a	221.56 ± 62.82^c	167.56 ± 78.8, 7ac	116.89 ± 50.90^ad
TNF-α	121.11 ± 47.47	42.86 ± 4.88^e	106.44 ± 19.51^g	83.33 ± 10.63^f, g	59.56 ± 15.93^eg
IL-1β	123.33 ± 31.2, 7	35.71 ± 10.67^a	101.67 ± 18.72^bc	88.67 ± 19.36^a, c	59.56 ± 11.44^ad
IL-2	195.11 ± 46.25	27.71 ± 11.57^a	190.89 ± 30.38^c	120.67 ± 31.6, 5ac	80.44 ± 17.20^ac
IL-4	237.56 ± 42.2, 0	36.00 ± 13.06^a	225.11 ± 68.78^c	172.89 ± 25.1, 6ac	124.67 ± 26.27^ac
IL-6	84.67 ± 12.88	11.00 ± 4.20^e	84.87 ± 21.02^g	76.22 ± 10.74^g	57.33 ± 15.49^eg
IL-10	22.67 ± 9.27	264.57 ± 31.4, 7e	84.00 ± 14.35^eg	134.89 ± 33.1, 8eg	185.67 ± 39.08^eg
IL-12A	245.33 ± 42.8, 3	77.71 ± 21.43^a	217.78 ± 38.36^c	186.33 ± 36.0, 5ac	157.33 ± 20.78^ac
IFN-γ	149.56 ± 25.0, 0	8.29 ± 4.39^e	78.00 ± 11.70^eg	72.22 ± 16.11^e, g	43.11 ± 10.01^eg

Values are expressed as Mean ± SD. CD : Cluster of differentiation; Foxp3: Forkhead box P3; IL : Interleukin; NOS2 : Inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS; TNF : Tumor necrosis factor; IFN : Interferon. ^a and ^b as compared to normal group; ^c and ^d as compared to morphine group by LSD test. ^e and ^f as compared to normal group; ^g as compared with MP control by MW test.