Hypoglycemic, Hypolipidemic, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Beta-Pinene in Diabetic Rats

Table 1

Evaluation of biochemical parameters in rat sera after oral (v.o.) treatment with β-pinene for 7 days.

Parameters	Vehicle; —	Glib (5 mg/kg, v.o.)	Beta-pinene (mg/kg, v.o.)
			25	50	100
Glucose (mg/dL)	334.1 ± 27.23; —	77.57 ± 21; (76.7%)	393.9 ± 12.21; —	126.3 ± 18.62; (62.2%)	140.4 ± 27.25; (57.9%)
CT (mg/dL)	88.07 ± 8.791; —	65.88 ± 5.721	78.82 ± 6.616; —	86.57 ± 5.694; —	82.17 ± 11.2; —
HDL (mg/dL)	182.6 ± 8.049; —	26.79 ± 6.284; (85.3%)	178.5 ± 18.68; —	64.57 ± 3.867; (64.6%)	46 ± 7.326; (74.8%)
LDL (mg/dL)	64.57 ± 3.867; —	12.93 ± 1.902; (79.9%)	58 ± 7.849; —	15.69 ± 2.948; (75.7%)	14.9 ± 2.241; (76.9%)
VLDL (mg/dL)	112.5 ± 17.31; —	14.72 ± 1.224; (86.9%)	85.82 ± 7.535; (23.7%)	15.92 ± 2.54; (85.8%)	17.08 ± 0.8871; (84.8%)
TG (mg/dL)	354 ± 22.88 —	65.88 ± 5.721; (81.3%)	422 ± 33.73 —	168.4 ± 26.02; (52.7%)	145.6 ± 23.96; (58.8%)
AST (UI/L)	88.68 ± 2.88; —	52.4 ± 6.54	67.08 ± 3.9; —	61.48 ± 4.39; —	61.6 ± 5.68; —
ALT (UI/L)	70.8 ± 5.01; —	38.6 ± 3.911	63.86 ± 4.17; —	52.7 ± 10.42; —	63.98 ± 11.18; —

Values represent mean ± standard error of the mean (S.E.P.M), (n = 10). The values were considered significant at ; , ; , vs. vehicle. Analyzed through two-way ANOVA and followed by Bonferroni (n = 10 mice per group).