Pharmacokinetics of Ginsenoside Rb1, Rg3, Rk1, Rg5, F2, and Compound K from Red Ginseng Extract in Healthy Korean Volunteers

Table 3

Pharmacokinetic parameters of ginsenosides after oral administration.

Ginsenosides	Ginseng	Tmax (h)	Cmax (ng/mL)	AUC(0–t) (ng·h/mL)	AUC(0–∞) (ng·h/mL)	T1/2 (h)
Rb1	RG	7.23 ± 1.92	4.04 ± 1.71	73.25 ± 29.81	257.42 ± 115.26	45.93 ± 21.91
	BRG	6.92 ± 1.55	3.19 ± 1.13	56.93 ± 19.61	182.26 ± 94.43	38.06 ± 13.48
Rg3	RG	3.85 ± 1.28	1.51 ± 0.98	11.79 ± 7.40	14.14 ± 8.05	5.58 ± 3.63
	BRG	4.23 ± 1.54	7.70 ± 3.17	71.55 ± 31.05	76.04 ± 33.31	5.70 ± 0.73
Rk1 + Rg5	RG	3.08 ± 2.10	0.92 ± 0.71	3.54 ± 3.46	3.26 ± 5.22	1.60 ± 2.93
	BRG	5.23 ± 1.01	4.54 ± 2.74	28.06 ± 19.93	34.53 ± 25.10	2.70 ± 0.66
F2	RG	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
	BRG	6.62 ± 1.71	5.83 ± 2.35	74.09 ± 32.97	90.67 ± 43.02	9.77 ± 7.71
CK	RG	8.15 ± 10.21	1.99 ± 3.27	14.49 ± 30.45	3.72 ± 7.91	1.36 ± 2.61
	BRG	4.77 ± 3.61	37.72 ± 17.78	406.16 ± 242.21	456.66 ± 258.91	7.72 ± 4.66

All values are presented as mean ± standard deviation. T_max, time to reach maximum plasma concentration; C_max, maximum plasma concentration; AUC_(0–t), area under the plasma concentration-time curve from zero to the time of the last quantifiable concentration; AUC_(0–∞), area under the plasma concentration-time curve from zero to infinity; T_1/2, terminal half-life; n = 13; , significant compared with the RG group according to paired t-test.