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Author | Sample size and (age of the participants) | Dose and duration | Key effects of CP consumption | Critical findings | Reference |
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Manjunatha S et al. | N = 5. Healthy adult male volunteers (20–32 years) | 16 weeks (first 8 weeks intervention was given and next 8 weeks no supplements) | Antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects | The sample size is very small. During the no supplement 8-week period, no significant effects were recorded. | [3] |
Dalai SK et al. | N = 30. Healthy elderly volunteers (40–70 years) | 24 g/day for 40 days. | Antiatherogenic, hypolipidemic, and improves strength | The conclusive results are based on the assessment carried out on only 9 participants. CP as per Charaka Samhita reference was the most efficient | [4] |
Kumar S et al. | N = 121. Type-2 diabetes subjects (18–70 years). | One teaspoonful, twice daily for 90 days | Statistically insignificant change in HbA1c, blood sugar levels, lipid profile, and liver and renal function tests | Error in age selection criteria, as in younger ages, one can find minimal cases of type II diabetes. This study is about proprietary product Chyawanprash which contains sugar substitute | [5] |
Sastry JLN et al. | N = 40. Subjects having the history of allergy and respiratory illnesses (5–75 years) | 12 g, twice a day for 12 weeks. | Beneficial in nasal allergies and viral respiratory infections | Conflict of interest. The author of the study is employed at the company whose product is evaluated in the study. | [6] |
Sastry JLN et al | N = 177. Subjects with no underlying organic disease (15–75 years) | 12 g, twice a day for 2 years. | Reduction in disease symptoms due to seasonal influences, improved respiratory functions, quality of life and immunity | It is a robust study. Conflict of interest that the author of the study is employed at the company whose product is evaluated in the study is not mentioned. | [7] |
Gupta a et al. | N = 313. School going healthy children (5–12 years) | 6 g, followed by a cup of milk, twice a day for 6 months. | More than 2 times protection from immunity-related illness (episodes of infections or allergic disorders) and improves fitness, strength, stamina, and quality of life. | A robust clinical study. A conflict of interest is mentioned. The author of the study is employed at the company whose product is evaluated in the study. | [8] |
Yadav JS et al. | N = 25. Male smokers | 20 g, twice a day for 2 months. | Genoprotective | Efficiently conducted clinical study. | [9] |
Debnath PK et al. | N = 99. Pulmonary tuberculosis patients (10–65 years) | 10 g thrice daily (total 30 g/day), used as adjunct therapy with antitubercular drugs for 28 days. | Toxicity reduction and early restoration by increasing the bioavailability of antitubercular drugs | Conclusive results are based on findings of only 15 patients. The sampling and study design is complex and lacks clarity. | [10] |
Sanger NS et al. | N = 30. Confirmed COVID-19 mild to very mild symptoms (18–75 years) | 12–24 g, with water or milk for 28 days. | Significant improvement in immunity and respiratory clinical symptoms | A robust clinical study. | [11] |
Kumar SS et al. | N = 75. Healthy college students (mean age of 19.63 ± 1.55 years) | 15 g, twice a day for 150 days. | Improvement in cognitive functions | Methodologically performed clinical study. | [12] |
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