Understanding of Diabetes in Tibetan, Mongolian, Miao, Dai, Uygur, and Yi Medicine and Collation of Prevention and Cure Medicines

Table 2

Ethnodrug for diabetes in modern research (the order of medicine names is from high to low according to the number of studies reported).

No	Chinese name	Latin name of the original plant	Family	The nationality that uses it	Medicinal part	Bioactive components related to diabetes mellitus were reported
1	Huang Qi	Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.	Leguminosae	Tibetan, Mongolian	Root	Polysaccharide, saponin, flavone
2	Ge Gen	Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi	Leguminosae	Mongolian	Root	Puerarin
3	Huang Lian	Coptis chinensis Franch.	Ranunculaceae	Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur	Rhizome	Berberine, polysaccharide, coptisine
4	Di Huang	Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.	Scrophulariaceae	Mongolian, Dai	Earthnut	Catalpol, polysaccharide
5	Yu Zhu	Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce	Liliaceae	Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur	Rhizome	Polysaccharide, flavone
6	Sang Ye	Morus alba L.	Moraceae	Miao, Dai	Leaf	Polysaccharide, flavone, alkaloid
7	Da Huang	Rheum officinale Baill.	Polygonaceae	Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur	Root and rhizome	Emodin, rhein
8	Nan Gua	Cucurbita moschata Duchesne	Cucurbitaceae	Yi, Dai	Pulp	Polysaccharide
9	Gou Qi	Lycium chinense Mill.	Solanaceae	Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur, Miao	Fruit	Polysaccharide
10	Hong Hua	Carthamus tinctorius L.	Composite	Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur, Dai	Flower	Safflower yellow
11	Jiang Huang	Curcuma longa L.	Zingiberaceae	Tibetan, Uygur, Miao, Dai	Rhizome	Curcumin
12	Jiao Gu Lan	Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino	Cucurbitaceae	Miao, Dai	Overground part	Saponin
13	Hong Jing Tian	Rhodiola rosea Linn.	Crassulaceae	Tibetan	Root and rhizome	Salidroside
14	Luo Han Guo	Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey ex A. M. Lu et Z. Y. Zhang	Cucurbitaceae	Miao	Fruit	Saponin, polysaccharide
15	Zhi Mu	Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge.	Liliaceae	Mongolian	Rhizome	Mangiferin
16	Huang Qin	Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi	Lamiaceae	Mongolian, Miao	Root	Baicalin, wogonin
17	Bai Zhu	Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.	Composite	Miao	Rhizome	Volatile oil, lactone
18	Ma Chi Xian	Portulaca oleracea L.	Portulacaceae	Tibetan, Uygur, Miao, Dai, Yi	Overground part	Polysaccharide
19	Gan Cao	Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.	Leguminosae	Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur, Dai	Root and rhizome	Glycyrrhizic acid, flavone
20	Mai Dong	Ophiopogon japonicus (L. f) Ker Gawl.	Liliaceae	Mongolian, Uygur, Miao	Earthnut	Polysaccharide
21	Shan Zhuyu	Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc.	Cornaceae	Mongolian, Miao	Pulp	Total iridoid glycosides of Cornus officinalis
22	Ku Qiao Mai	Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.	Polygonaceae	Dai, Miao, Yi, Tibetan	Whole grass or root	Flavone
23	Yi Yi Ren	Coix lacryma-jobi L.	Gramineae	Tibetan, Mongolian	Seed kernel	Coix seed polysaccharides A, B, C
24	Xian Ren Zhang	Opuntia dillenii (Ker Gawl.) Haw.	Cactaceae	Miao, Dai, Yi	Fleshy stem	Polysaccharide
25	Jin Ying Zi	Rosa laevigata Michx.	Rosaceae	Mongolian, Miao	Fruit	Saponin
26	Fu Ling	Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf	Polyporaceae	Tibetan, Mongolian, Miao	Sclerotium	Polysaccharide
27	Shi Ye	Diospyros kaki Thunb.	Ebenaceae	Miao	Leaf	Flavone
28	Du Zhong	Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.	Eucommiaceae	Mongolian, Miao	Bark	Polysaccharide, flavone
29	Hu Lu Ba	Trigonella foenum-graecum L.	Leguminosae	Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur	Seed	Fenugreen
30	Huang Bo	Phellodendron chinense Schneid.	Rutaceae	Mongolian, Miao	Bark	Berberine