Pharmacological Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Licorice-Derived Flavonoids

Table 6

The antihyperglycemic effects of licorice flavonoids.

Compounds	Dose and administration	Result	References
Isoangustone A	1–20 mmol/L incubated with human renal mesangial cells (HRMC) for three days	High glucose-inflammatory mesangial hyperplasia and matrix dilation were retarded by the accumulation of type IV collagen, and diabetes-related renal inflammation was reduced by attenuating inflammatory ICAM-1 expression and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) production in the mesangium	[186]
Isoliquiritigenin	1–20 μM incubated with HRMC for 3 days	Prevented mesangial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis generating into renal failure and end-stage renal diseases through diminishing high glucose-related mesangial matrix accumulation	[187]
Glabridin	3T3‐L1 adipocytes incubated with 5–20 μM of glabridin 1 hour before 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD, 10 nM) challenge for 3 days	Restored TCDD-descended insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake and production of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1)	[188]
Isoliquiritigenin	20 mg/kg/day to diabetic rats for 8 weeks	Ameliorated diabetes-induced retinal injury in STZ-induced diabetic rats	[150]
Liquiritigenin	4–16 mg/kg liquiritigenin-treated mice after fructose feeding	Reduced fructose-diet-induced lipid accumulation and cardiac fibrosis that exerted protective response in high-fructose-diet-triggered cardiac injury	[189]