Efficacy of Kami Guibi-tang as an Add-On Therapy to Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor for Cognitive Function in Mild Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study
Table 5
Changes in SNSB-D score between baseline and 24th-weekfollow-up with the aMCI group.
Variable
Mild AD (n = 7)
aMCI (n = 16)
‡ value for treatment difference
Baseline
24th week
Change
† value
Baseline
24th week
Change
† value
Total SNSB-D score
119.86 ± 30.38, 115.00 (59.00)
112.93 ± 31.59, 108.00 (39.00)
−6.93 ± 27.84, −1.50 (36.50)
0.69
176.00 ± 24.76, 175.25 (33.25)
198.66 ± 31.25, 200.75 (49.25)
22.66 ± 20.22, 21.75 (31.50)
<0.01
0.04
Attention
7.00 ± 1.15, 7.00 (2.00)
7.00 ± 2.08, 7.00 (4.00)
0.00 ± 1.53, 0.00 (3.00)
1.00
9.50 ± 2.25, 10.00 (3.00)
10.25 ± 2.32, 11.00 (3.00)
0.75 ± 1.73, 0.50 (2.00)
0.13
0.44
Digit span forward
4.57 ± 0.98, 4.00 (2.00)
4.86 ± 1.21, 5.00 (2.00)
0.29 ± 0.96, 0.00 (1.00)
0.75
5.69 ± 1.25, 6.00 (2.00)
6.06 ± 1.48, 6.00 (2.50)
0.38 ± 1.59, 0.00 (2.00)
0.44
0.81
Digit span backward
2.43 ± 0.53, 2.00 (1.00)
2.14 ± 1.07, 2.00 (1.00)
−0.29 ± 0.95, 0.00 (1.00)
0.75
3.81 ± 1.17, 4.00 (1.00)
4.19 ± 1.38, 4.00 (1.00)
0.38 ± 0.81, 0.00 (1.00)
0.15
0.15
Language and related function
18.14 ± 5.11, 19.00 (8.00)
18.29 ± 4.11, 17.00 (7.00)
0.14 ± 2.79, 0.00 (3.00)
0.88
23.63 ± 2.31, 23.50 (2.50)
23.88 ± 2.25, 24.50 (4.00)
0.25 ± 1.48, 0.00 (2.00)
0.48
0.92
K-BNT
8.86 ± 3.53, 11.00 (6.00)
8.71 ± 3.04, 8.00 (6.00)
−0.14 ± 1.95, 0.00 (2.00)
1.00
12.50 ± 1.63, 12.50 (2.50)
12.38 ± 1.78, 12.50 (3.00)
−0.13 ± 1.31, 0.00 (1.50)
0.85
0.73
Calculation
9.29 ± 2.36, 8.00 (4.00)
9.57 ± 2.23, 10.00 (5.00)
0.29 ± 1.25, 0.00 (3.00)
0.50
11.13 ± 1.54, 12.00 (1.50)
11.50 ± 1.15, 12.00 (1.00)
0.38 ± .062, 0.00 (1.00)
0.06
0.55
Visuospatial function
25.43 ± 10.30, 31.50 (18.00)
25.71 ± 9.31, 30.00 (9.50)
0.29 ± 6.42, −1.50 (9.50)
1.00
32.94 ± 2.82, 34.00 (4.50)
33.81 ± 1.42, 34.00 (2.50)
0.88 ± 3.29, 1.00 (5.50)
0.46
0.46
Memory
36.00 ± 16.56, 41.50 (26.00)
33.07 ± 13.40, 34.50 (26.00)
−2.93 ± 16.99, −2.50 (29.50)
0.72
57.88 ± 17.76, 59.50 (16.75)
74.34 ± 22.66, 72.50 (31.75)
16.47 ± 12.19, 17.50 (17.50)
<0.01
0.02
Orientation
4.71 ± 1.89, 6.00 (4.00)
3.86 ± 2.12, 5.00 (4.00)
−0.86 ± 1.07, −1.00 (1.00)
0.13
5.88 ± 0.34, 6.00 (0.00)
5.69 ± 0.60, 6.00 (0.50)
−0.19 ± 0.66, 0.00 (0.00)
0.50
0.090
SVLT recall
13.57 ± 5.50, 15.00 (12.00)
13.57 ± 4.47, 14.00 (5.00)
0.00 ± 7.42, 0.00 (7.00)
0.81
19.56 ± 5.64, 17.50 (9.50)
23.63 ± 7.47, 24.50 (11.50)
4.06 ± 4.54, 4.00 (7.00)
<0.01
0.28
SVLT recognition
5.86 ± 4.02, 4.00 (7.00)
5.29 ± 2.69, 5.00 (4.00)
−0.57 ± 4.54, 0.00 (7.00)
0.88
6.56 ± 2.58, 7.00 (2.00)
7.50 ± 2.76, 7.50 (4.50)
0.94 ± 2.49, 1.50 (2.50)
0.12
0.64
Rey recall
6.00 ± 5.07, 7.00 (9.50)
6.36 ± 7.28, 7.50 (9.00)
0.36 ± 7.81, 0.00 (5.00)
0.81
20.00 ± 10.30, 20.00 (14.00)
29.91 ± 13.54, 29.50 (20.00)
9.91 ± 7.62, 9.75 (11.50)
<0.01
0.03
Rey recognition
5.86 ± 4.18, 5.00 (2.00)
4.00 ± 2.94, 4.00 (4.00)
−1.86 ± 4.56, −1.00 (8.00)
0.44
5.88 ± 2.55, 6.50 (3.50)
7.63 ± 1.89, 8.00 (2.50)
1.75 ± 1.91, 2.00 (2.00)
<0.01
0.06
Frontal and executive function
33.29 ± 14.16, 33.00 (16.00)
28.86 ± 16.95, 21.00 (25.00)
−4.43 ± 7.52, −1.00 (12.00)
0.25
52.06 ± 9.23, 55.00 (15.50)
56.38 ± 8.38, 58.00 (8.50)
4.31 ± 10.68, 4.00 (11.00)
0.109
0.06
Motor impersistence
3.00 ± 0.00, 3.00 (0.00)
3.00 ± 0.00, 3.00 (0.00)
0.00 ± 0.00, 0.00 (0.00)
—
3.00 ± 0.00, 3.00 (0.00)
3.00 ± 0.00, 3.00 (0.00)
0.00 ± 0.00, 0.00 (0.00)
—
1.00
Contrasting program
2.43 ± 0.98, 3.00 (2.00)
1.43 ± 0.98, 1.00 (1.00)
−1.00 ± 1.15, −1.00 (2.00)
0.13
2.81 ± 0.54, 3.00 (0.00)
2.88 ± 0.34, 3.00 (0.00)
0.06 ± 0.68, 0.00 (0.00)
1.00
0.03
Go-no-go test
1.00 ± 1.00, 1.00 (1.00)
1.29 ± 0.95, 1.00 (1.00)
0.29 ± 0.49, 0.00 (1.00)
0.50
2.31 ± 0.87, 3.00 (1.50)
2.44 ± 0.89, 3.00 (1.50)
0.13 ± 1.09, 0.00 (0.50)
0.81
0.73
Fist-edge-palm
2.43 ± 0.53, 2.00 (1.00)
2.29 ± 0.95, 3.00 (2.00)
−0.14 ± 1.07, 0.00 (2.00)
1.00
2.94 ± 0.25, 3.00 (0.00)
3.00 ± 0.00, 3.00 (0.00)
0.06 ± 0.25, 0.00 (0.00)
1.00
0.86
Luria loop
2.57 ± 1.13, 3.00 (0.00)
1.71 ± 1.60, 3.00 (3.00)
−0.86 ± 1.46, 0.00 (3.00)
0.50
3.00 ± 0.00, 3.00 (0.00)
3.00 ± 0.00, 3.00 (0.00)
0.00 ± 0.00, 0.00 (0.00)
—
0.05
Word fluency: animal
10.14 ± 4.26, 9.00 (4.00)
7.71 ± 3.45, 8.00 (4.00)
−2.43 ± 2.64, −2.00 (4.00)
0.08
14.06 ± 4.02, 14.00 (3.50)
15.50 ± 3.25, 15.00 (3.00)
1.44 ± 3.95, 1.00 (4.50)
0.18
0.04
Word fluency: Korean
4.86 ± 3.63, 5.00 (5.00)
4.43 ± 5.44, 4.00 (7.00)
−0.43 ± 2.76, 0.00 (3.00)
0.69
9.19 ± 2.86, 8.50 (4.00)
9.81 ± 3.89, 10.50 (5.50)
0.63 ± 4.33, 1.00 (6.00)
0.57
0.49
Stroop test
6.86 ± 4.49, 5.00 (6.00)
7.00 ± 5.72, 6.00 (9.00)
0.14 ± 2.12, 0.00 (4.00)
1.00
14.75 ± 5.59, 17.00 (10.00)
16.75 ± 3.75, 17.50 (6.50)
2.00 ± 5.32, 0.50 (4.50)
0.18
0.44
SNSB-D, Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery-Dementia Version; KGT, Kami Guibi-tang, K-BNT; Korean version of Boston Naming Test, SVLT; Seoul Verbal Learning Test. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range). †Based on Wilcoxon signed rank test. ‡Based on Wilcoxon rank sum test. values in bold represent significance, was considered statistically significant.
