Profiling Inflammatory Biomarkers following Curcumin Supplementation: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Table 3
Subgroup analyses for the effects of curcumin supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers.
Effect size (n)
ES (95% CI)1
-within2
I2 (%)3
-heterogeneity4
Curcumin supplementation on CRP levels
Age (years)
≤45
2
−0.42 (−0.59, −0.26)
<0.001
0
0.817
>45
4
−1.34 (−2.36, −0.33)
0.009
61.6
0.050
NR
1
−0.65 (−1.20, −0.10)
0.021
—
—
Intervention duration (week)
≤7
2
−3.11 (−8.83, 2.61)
0.287
85
0.010
>7
5
−0.68 (−0.98, −0.37)
<0.001
54
0.069
Sample size
≤300
4
−0.65 (−1.15, −0.16)
0.009
34.7
0.204
>300
3
−0.90 (−1.64, −0.15)
0.018
70.6
0.033
Dose (mg/day)
≤700
5
−0.68 (−1.02, −0.34)
<0.001
53.1
0.074
>700
2
−3.13 (−8.75, 2.49)
0.275
85.2
0.009
Curcumin supplementation on serum IL-6 levels Age (years)
≤45
2
−0.37 (−0.97, 0.22)
0.217
0
0.779
>45
3
−1.32 (−2.27, −0.37)
0.006
87.2
<0.001
NR
1
−2.08 (−3.90, −0.25)
0.025
—
—
Intervention duration (weeks)
≤7
2
−1.15 (−2.06, −0.25)
0.012
30.9
0.229
>7
4
−1.03 (−1.99, −0.07)
0.036
83.8
<0.001
Sample size
≤300
2
−2.62 (−3.49, −1.76)
<0.001
0
0.508
>300
4
−0.66 (−0.95, −0.38)
<0.001
0
0.526
Dose (mg/day)
≤700
4
−1.54 (−2.61, −0.46)
0.005
77.1
0.004
>700
2
−0.51 (−0.89, −0.13)
0.008
0
0.517
Curcumin supplementation on serum TNF-α levels Age (years)
≤45
3
−1.64 (−2.27, −1.01)
<0.001
0
0.880
>45
2
−3.57 (−6.12, −1.03)
0.006
41.3
0.192
NR
1
−1.62 (−3.60, 0.36)
0.109
—
—
Intervention duration (weeks)
≤7
3
−1.65 (−2.35, −0.94)
<0.001
0
0.963
>7
3
−2.91 (−5.28, −0.55)
0.016
62.3
0.071
Sample size
≤300
2
−1.78 (−3.65, 0.09)
0.062
0
0.631
>300
4
−2.09 (−3.12, −1.05)
<0.001
48.9
0.118
Dose (mg/day)
≤700
3
−1.67 (−2.42, −0.93)
<0.001
0
0.853
>700
3
−2.40 (−4.10, −0.71)
0.005
63
0.067
1Obtained from the random-effects model, 2refers to the mean (95% CI), 3inconsistency, percentage of variation across studies due to heterogeneity, 4obtained from the Q-test. Abbreviation: ES: effect size; CI: confidence interval; NR: not reported.
