Research Article

Effect of a Standardized Extract of Asparagus officinalis Stem (ETAS®50) on Cognitive Function, Psychological Symptoms, and Behavior in Patients with Dementia: A Randomized Crossover Trial

Table 3

Between-group comparisons of NPI-Q-a items.

NPI-Q-aETAS®50 period
InitialFinalDifference

Hallucinations0.33 ± 0.160.26 ± 0.16−0.07 ± 0.05
Delusions0.07 ± 0.070.07 ± 0.070.00 ± 0.00
Agitation/aggression0.22 ± 0.100.15 ± 0.09−0.07 ± 0.05
Dysphoria/depression0.26 ± 0.110.22 ± 0.10−0.04 ± 0.04
Anxiety0.59 ± 0.210.33 ± 0.13−0.26 ± 0.15
Euphoria0.19 ± 0.110.11 ± 0.08−0.07 ± 0.07
Apathy0.26 ± 0.130.19 ± 0.09−0.07 ± 0.09
Disinhibition0.22 ± 0.130.22 ± 0.130.00 ± 0.00
Irritability0.22 ± 0.120.22 ± 0.120.00 ± 0.05
Aberrant motor behavior0.15 ± 0.100.19 ± 0.090.04 ± 0.04

Placebo periodDifferencevalue
InitialFinalDifference

0.37 ± 0.150.37 ± 0.170.00 ± 0.080.428
0.04 ± 0.040.11 ± 0.110.07 ± 0.070.317
0.19 ± 0.110.33 ± 0.160.15 ± 0.070.015
0.30 ± 0.120.44 ± 0.150.15 ± 0.090.045
0.56 ± 0.160.44 ± 0.15−0.11 ± 0.100.646
0.07 ± 0.050.11 ± 0.080.04 ± 0.080.556
0.19 ± 0.090.37 ± 0.120.19 ± 0.090.058
0.22 ± 0.130.26 ± 0.160.04 ± 0.060.556
0.22 ± 0.120.33 ± 0.140.11 ± 0.060.179
0.07 ± 0.050.19 ± 0.110.11 ± 0.080.542

values <0.05 compared to the initial and final scores are considered statistically significant.