The importance of traditional medicine as a source of primary health care was first officially recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the primary Health Care Declaration of Alma Ata (1978) and has been globally addressed since 1976 by the Traditional Medicine Programme of the WHO. In Africa, traditional healers and remedies made from plants play an important role in the health of millions of people. Scientific evidence of their pharmacological potential is being provided continuously.

For this special issue, we invite investigators to contribute original research articles as well as review articles that will provide scientific data on African medicinal plants used in the treatment of ailments. We are particularly interested in articles related to plants and derived products used in case of microbial infections, protozoal infections, and cancers. Papers related to the cytotoxicity of African medicinal plants on both cancer and normal cell lines are also welcome.

Potential topics dealing with the pharmacological potential of African medicinal plants and derived products include, but are not limited to:

• Antibacterial research
• Antifungal research
• Antiviral research
• Antihelmithic plants
• Antimalarial plants
• Other antiprotozoal research
• Cancer research

Before submission authors should carefully read over the journal's Author Guidelines, which are located at http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/guidelines/. Prospective authors should submit an electronic copy of their complete manuscript through the journal Manuscript Tracking System at http://mts.hindawi.com/ according to the following timetable: